Low BMI independent risk factor for increased perioperative RBC transfusion in CABG patients
Blood
A recent study BMC Anesthesiology finds the potential risks faced by patients with low body mass index (BMI) undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) procedure.
The research included data from 7,620 patients, revealed intriguing findings. Patients with a BMI less than 18.5 kg/m² were classified as underweight, while those with a BMI between 18.5 and 24.0 kg/m² were considered to have a normal BMI.
One of the study's primary findings was that low BMI significantly increased the risk of red blood cell (RBC) transfusions. This risk was observed in both on-pump and off-pump CABG procedures. Patients with a BMI less than 18.5 kg/m² were approximately four times more likely to require RBC transfusions, as compared to their counterparts with a normal BMI.
Furthermore, the research uncovered distinct risks associated with on-pump CABG procedures for underweight patients. This group exhibited an increased likelihood of post-operative complications, including re-intubation and re-operation. The most concerning revelation was a significantly higher 30-day all-cause mortality rate among underweight patients undergoing on-pump CABG, emphasizing the critical nature of managing these individuals.
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