CHF associated with high mortality risk in malnourished patients: Study

Malnutrition has a high occurrence in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). The prevalence of malnutrition and its impact on all-cause mortality in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) were assessed using a meta-analysis. Heart failure (HF) is an aggregate clinical syndrome, where various structural or functional diseases lead to ventricular filling and/or ejection dysfunction. The heart is unable to maintain sufficient cardiac output to fulfill the requirements of energy metabolism and adapt to the amount of venous return. Therefore, HF is the end stage of various cardiovascular diseases.

PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Medline, CBM, CNKI, WANFANG DATA, and VIP databases were searched to collect cross-sectional and cohort studies on malnutrition, and the prevalence and all-cause mortality of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) were determined. The time of retrieval was from the database establishment to May 2021. Two researchers independently performed screening of the literature, data extraction and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies. Then Stata 16.0 software was used for meta-analysis.

The Results of the study are as follows:

• A total of 10 cross-sectional and 21 cohort studies were included, including 12537 patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).
• A meta-analysis demonstrated that the total prevalence of malnutrition in patients with heart failure was 46%
• Compared to patients with non-malnutrition, malnutrition increased the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF)

Current evidence suggests that the prevalence of malnutrition is high among patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). The risk of all-cause mortality in such patients can be increased by malnutrition. Therefore, the researchers concluded that the risk of malnutrition in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) should be considered to reduce the occurrence of adverse clinical outcomes.

Reference:

The prevalence of malnutrition and its effects on the all-cause mortality among patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Shubin Lv and Songchao Ru published in the Plos one Journal.

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259300