Empagliflozin fails to reduce HF hospitalizations, deaths after acute MI: EMPACT-MI

Patients who had been hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction and were at risk for heart failure were assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive empagliflozin (n=3260) at a dose of 10 mg daily or placebo (n=3262) in addition to standard care within 14 days after admission. The primary endpoint was a composite of hospitalization for HF or death from any cause as assessed in a time-to-first-event analysis.

Based on the study, the researchers reported the following findings:

• During a median follow-up of 17.9 months, first hospitalization for heart failure or death from any cause occurred in 8.2% of patients in the empagliflozin group and 9.1% of patients in the placebo group, with incidence rates of 5.9 and 6.6 events, respectively, per 100 patient-years (hazard ratio, 0.90).
• For the individual components of the primary endpoint, a first hospitalization for heart failure occurred in 3.6% of patients in the empagliflozin group and 4.7% of patients in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.77), and death from any cause occurred in 5.2% and 5.5% patients, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.96).
• Adverse events were consistent with the known safety profile of empagliflozin and were similar in the two trial groups.

In conclusion, the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin did not exactly prevent deaths and heart failure events when initiated atop other standard therapies for acute myocardial infarction, but the cumulative risk did go down.

Reference:

Butler J, et al "Empagliflozin after acute myocardial infarction" N Engl J Med 2024; DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa23104051.