Post-TAVR stroke better spotted at specialized centers: JACC

The researchers, in their study, published in JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions, however, found no differences between center types for other important clinical outcomes, indicating that higher stroke rates in CSCs were not because they were delivering lower-quality TAVI care but because they're better at recognizing the events.

The 30-day stroke rate following TAVR (transcatheter aortic valve replacement) has been indicated as a hospital quality metric. Thirty-day stroke rates for nonsurgical, high, and moderate-risk TAVR trials varied from 3.4% to 6.1%. In contrast, those in the national TVT (Transcatheter Valve Therapy) Registry for the same patient population was much lower. Hospital CSC (comprehensive stroke center) is the highest designation for integrated acute stroke management, recognition, and care.

P. Michael Grossman from the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA, and colleagues examined whether there was a variation in in-hospital post-TAVR stroke rates between CSC and non-CSC institutions using Michigan TVT data.

The study included TVT data submitted from the 22 Michigan Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Collaborative participating institutions from 2016 to 2019 comprising 6,231 patients. The relation between hospital CSC accreditation and in-hospital post-TAVR stroke was assessed by accounting for hospital clustering and patient clinical characteristics.

The Institutional Review Board of the University of Michigan has waived the requirement to approve studies based on data collection by the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan Cardiovascular Consortium registry.

The researchers reported the following findings:

• 62.3% of patients were at 9 CSC sites, and 37.7% were at 13 non-CSC locations.
• Significantly higher rates of in-hospital post-TAVR stroke were seen at CSC sites (CSC: 2.65% vs non-CSC: 1.15%).
• After adjustment, patients who underwent TAVR at a CSC hospital had a remarkably higher risk of in-hospital stroke (adjusted OR: 2.21).
• CSC designation was not significantly linked with other important post-TAVR clinical outcomes, including 30-day mortality.

"Our findings showed that TVT stroke rates were significantly higher at sites with the designation status of Joint Hospital Commission stroke; however, there was no significant difference in other reported important clinical outcomes based on this designation," the researchers wrote.

"A possible factor in stroke rate detection differences between TAVR institutions could be CSC designation and might be a factor in the observed differences in stroke rates between TAVR trials and those reported in TVT," the researchers explained. "These findings suggest that comparing hospitals based on post-TAVR stroke rates is potentially problematic."

Reference:

Grossman PM, Sukul D, Lall SC, Villablanca PA, Shannon F, Seth M, Chetcuti SJ, Patel HJ, Deeb GM. The Relationship Between Hospital Stroke Center Designation and TVT Reported Stroke: The Michigan TAVR Experience. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2023 Jan 23;16(2):168-176. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2022.10.020. PMID: 36697152.