Commercially pure titanium debris may induce carcinogenic effects on peri-implant tissues: Study

The Results of the study are:

Of 258 articles identified, 14 articles were selected for this integrative review. Submicron and nano-scale cp Ti particles altered the behavior of cells in culture medium. An inflammatory response was triggered by macrophages, fibroblasts, osteoblasts, mesenchymal cells, and odontoblasts as indicated by the detection of several inflammatory mediators such as IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and PGE2. The formation of a bioactive complex composed of calcium and phosphorus on titanium nanoparticles allowed their binding to proteins leading to the cell internalization phenomenon. The nanoparticles induced mutagenic and carcinogenic effects into the cells.

Thus, the researchers concluded that the cytotoxic effect of debris released from dental implants depends on the size, concentration, and chemical composition of the particles. A high concentration of particles on a nanometric scale intensifies the inflammatory responses with the mutagenic potential of the surrounding cells.

Reference:

Cytotoxic effects of submicron- and nano-scale titanium debris released from dental implants: an integrative review by Redouane Messous, et al. published in the Clinical Oral Investigations.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-021-03785-z