Low evidence that dental caries has genetic predisposition

This review aimed to assess the agreement of dental caries experience between monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins.

This systematic review was performed by reviewers in the databases Embase, MEDLINE-PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and manual searches and gray literature Google Scholar® and Opengray. Observational studies that evaluated dental caries in twins were included. The risk of bias was analyzed using the Joanna Briggs checklist. Meta-analyses were performed to assess the pooled Odds Ratio to estimate the agreement values of dental caries experience and DMF index between pairs of twins (p < 0.05). To assess the certainty of evidence, the GRADE scale was used.

2533 studies were identified, of which 19 were included in the qualitative analysis, six in the quantitative synthesis, with two meta-analyses being carried out. Association between genetics and the development of the disease was observed in most studies. In the risk of bias analysis, 47.4% had moderate risk. Higher agreement of dental caries experience was observed in MZ twins than DZ in both dentitions (OR: 5.94; 95% CI: 2.00–17.57). However, there was no difference between the MZ and DZ twin groups in the analysis comparing DMF index agreement (OR: 2.86; 95%CI: 0.25–32.79). The certainty of evidence was considered low and very low for all studies included in meta-analyses.