Stem cells in tissue engineering beneficial for regeneration of periodontal defects
The application of stem cells in tissue engineering exhibits a significant advantage in the regeneration of periodontal defects according to a recent study published in the Journal of Evidence-Based Dental Practice.
Classically, periodontal defects have been differentiated based on bone resorption patterns into "supraosseous" ("suprabony") and "infraosseous" ("infrabony") (Goldman & Cohen, 1958). These authors defined suprabony defects as those where the base of the pocket is located coronal to the alveolar crest.
A study was conducted to systematically evaluate the application of stem cells in tissue engineering for the regeneration of periodontal defects and to provide a basis for clinical application.
PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EMbase, SinoMed, CNKI and Wanfang databases were searched for randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies on periodontal defect regeneration using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, adipose tissue-derived stem cells, periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), gingival mesenchymal stem cells, stem cells from the apical papilla and other odontogenic stem cells. Chinese and English literature as of May 9, 2021 (without limitation on retrieving starting date) were searched and included RCT studies were followed for at least 3 months. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted basic research information, the situation of the research object and outcome measures including probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bone defect depth (BDD) and gingival recession (GR). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions (Version 5.1.0) was used to evaluate bias risk in included studies and a Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software.
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