Surgery on the lower impacted third molar usually involves trauma in the highly vascularized loose connective tissue area, leading to inflammatory sequelae including postoperative pain, swelling, and general oral dysfunction during the immediate post-operative phase.
Submucosal Dexamethasone injection effectively reduces postoperative sequelae of third-molar extractions suggests a recent study published in the Journal of the American Dental Association.
The aim of this network meta-analysis was to assess the comparative effects of different dexamethasone (DXM) routes and doses on reducing postoperative sequelae (pain, swelling, trismus) after surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molars.
Five databases were searched on September 22, 2021, for randomized controlled trials. Risk of bias (ROB) was assessed using the Cochrane ROB 2 tool. Study heterogeneity, publication bias, and quality of evidence were investigated. Network meta-analyses were conducted (P < .05), and the P-score was used to rank comparisons of DXM doses and routes. Results
• Thirty-four eligible studies were included. Eight studies had low ROB, 21 had some concerns, and 5 had high ROB.
• The certainty of evidence evaluated by the Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis tool indicated low to very low certainty in most comparisons.
• The results showed that most DXM route and dose combinations were superior to a placebo in reducing the postoperative sequelae 1 day after surgical extraction. • The results also showed that a 4-mg DXM submucosal injection substantially reduces pain 3 days after extraction compared with a 4-mg twin-mix or 8-mg intramuscular injection. Overall, it appears that 4 mg DXM submucosal injection or admixed with local anesthetic is effective in reducing postoperative sequelae after surgical extraction.
Within the limitations of this study, the administration of DXM is effective in reducing the postoperative sequelae, especially in the submucosal route. However, no noteworthy differences were found between the investigated DXM route and dose comparisons.
Reference:
Hossam Waleed Almadhoon et al. Efficacy of different dexamethasone routes and doses in reducing the postoperative sequelae of impacted mandibular third-molar extraction. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adaj.2022.08.017
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