Atopic Dermatitis Linked to Higher Risk of Hyperparathyroidism, Independent of Vitamin D Levels: Study

The relationship was strongest in individuals over 60 and those with normal vitamin D levels, underscoring the importance of monitoring older AD patients closely. The findings were published online in the Archives of Dermatological Research on December 12, 2024.

The association between atopic dermatitis and hyperparathyroidism remains unclear. While individuals with atopic dermatitis typically have lower serum vitamin D levels, it is uncertain whether this is a contributing factor or other potential mechanisms are involved. Considering this, Lan Xu and Yi Cao, researchers from China, aimed to investigate the impact of AD on hyperparathyroidism and identify the direct mediators of this relationship.

For this purpose, the researchers included 7,266 participants from the 2005–2006 NHANES. Atopic dermatitis diagnoses were based on questionnaire responses, while hyperparathyroidism was assessed through biochemical analysis. Weighted logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs), and mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate potential mediating effects. Additionally, after confirming the association, subgroup analysis stratified by age and vitamin D levels was performed.

The study led to the following findings:

• Participants with atopic dermatitis had higher odds of developing hyperparathyroidism (OR 1.86).
• Vitamin D levels, calcium, phosphorus, BMI, or CRP levels did not mediate the association.
• Subgroup analysis showed variations in the association based on age and vitamin D levels, particularly in individuals older than 60 years and those with normal vitamin D levels.
• Individuals with AD are more likely to develop hyperparathyroidism.

The findings underscore the need for heightened awareness of hyperparathyroidism in AD patients, particularly in older adults. Researchers recommend that clinicians monitor this condition more rigorously in patients over 60 and those with normal vitamin D levels.

This study adds new depth to the ongoing exploration of factors contributing to hyperparathyroidism and its relationship with atopic dermatitis. While vitamin D has often been implicated as a potential mediator, these findings highlight that other biological or environmental mechanisms may be at play.

"These insights could shape future diagnostic and management strategies, encouraging medical practitioners to assess hyperparathyroidism as part of routine care for individuals with AD, especially among high-risk subgroups," the researchers concluded.

Reference

Xu, L., Cao, Y. Association between atopic dermatitis with hyperparathyroidism not mediated by vitamin D in the United States (NHANES 2005–2006). Arch Dermatol Res 317, 100 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-024-03609-6