Enterovirus infection linked with risk of islet autoimmunity or type 1 diabetes
Australia: The meta-analysis of 56 studies published in The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology has shown a significant association between enterovirus infection and the development of type 1 diabetes or islet cell autoimmunity.
"Our data strengthen the rationale for the development of vaccines targeting diabetogenic enterovirus types, specifically those within Enterovirus B," the researchers wrote.
Enteroviruses are routinely detected with molecular methods within large cohorts at risk for type 1 diabetes. Sonia R Isaacs, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia, and colleagues aimed to examine the association between enterovirus infection and islet autoimmunity or type 1 diabetes development by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis.
For this purpose, the research team searched online databases for controlled observational studies from inception until Jan 1, 2023. Case-control or cohort studies were eligible if the detection was made of enterovirus RNA or protein in people with outcomes of islet autoimmunity or type 1 diabetes. Studies in pregnancy or other diabetes types were excluded.
Three reviewers independently performed data extraction and appraisal which involved author contact and deduplication. Study quality was evaluated with the National Health and Medical Research Council and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale levels of evidence. Pooled and subgroup meta-analyses were done in RevMan version 5.4, with random effects models and Mantel-Haenszel odds ratios.
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