Metformin continuation before coronary angiography safe in diabetes patients

For enrollment, the researchers screened all diabetes patients undergoing coronary angiography with or without PCI at three European centres. A rise in lactate levels from preprocedural levels at 72-h following the procedure was noted (primary endpoint). Secondary endpoints included M-ALA, contrast associated-acute kidney injury (CA-AKI), and all-cause mortality.

One hundred forty-two patients with diabetes on metformin therapy were included. The median preprocedural lactate level was 1.8 mmol/l.

The study led to the following findings:

• Lactate levels at 72 h following coronary angiography were 1.7 mmol/l, with no remarkable differences compared to preprocedural levels.
• In one patient, 72-h levels of ≥ 5 mmol/l were seen, but no cases of M-ALA were reported.
• CA-AKI occurred in 6.1% of patients, and median serum creatinine and estimated GFR (glomerular filtration rate) remained the same throughout the periprocedural period.
• At a median follow-up of 90 days, no patients required hemodialysis, and two died due to non-cardiac causes.

Metformin continuation before PCI and coronary angiography is not linked with increased lactate levels or renal function decline in diabetic patients without high-risk features for its accumulation, such as severe chronic kidney disease or severely reduced EF (ejection fraction).

"Our findings suggest that metformin suspension before coronary angiography and PCI is unnecessary," the researchers wrote. "The present research expands the little evidence on the metformin continuation safety in patients undergoing PCI and coronary angiography.

Reference:

Chiarito, M., Sanz-Sanchez, J., Piccolo, R. et al. Safety of metformin continuation in diabetic patients undergoing invasive coronary angiography: the NO-STOP single arm trial. Cardiovasc Diabetol 22, 28 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-023-01744-4