Poor blood sugar control in kids with T1D tied to Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Glucose metabolism is essential for brain development and function, and its disturbance during childhood may have negative consequences. Childhood-onset type 1 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, with the highest risk seen in individuals with poor glycaemic control suggests a study published in the journal Diabetologia on January 16, 2021.
Several studies have suggested a link between childhood-onset of type 1 diabetes and increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and intellectual disability. However, there is limited evidence regarding whether maintaining adequate glycaemic control similarly benefits paediatric patients through reduced psychological morbidity risk. While previous studies have described associations between glycemic control and cognitive health during midlife and later, only a few studies have examined whether suboptimal glycemic control in pediatric patients impacted the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders. Therefore, researchers of Sweden conducted a study, to investigate the effect of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes on the risk of subsequent neurodevelopmental disorders, and the role of glycaemic control in this association.
It was a retrospective, Swedish population-based cohort study using data from Swediabkids database and the Swedish Diabetes Register from 1973 to 2013. Researchers identified 8430 patients with childhood-onset type 1 diabetes and compared them with 84,300 reference individuals from the general population, matched for sex, birth year and birth county. They used Cox models to estimate the effect of HbA1c on the risk of subsequent neurodevelopmental disorders, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and intellectual disability. The major outcome assessed was the development of a neurodevelopmental disorder. They also assessed the incidence of specific neurodevelopmental disorders such as ADHD, ASD, and intellectual disability.
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