SGLT2 Inhibitors Reduce Hyperkalemia in High-Risk T2DM Patients
Hyperkalemia can occur in people with type 2 diabetes, especially in those with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and is clinically important because it can lead to life-threatening arrhythmias.
A recent study suggests that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduced the risk of serious hyperkalemia (serum potassium ≥6.0 mmol/L) with no increased risk of hypokalemia in patients with CKD and/or cardiovascular risk. The study findings were published in the journal Circulation on April 08, 2022.
SGLT2 inhibitors reduce the risk of cardiorenal events in people with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk or with CKD. However, their effect on hyperkalemia has not been systematically evaluated. Therefore, Dr Brendon L. Neuen and his team conducted a study to evaluate the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors in people with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk and/or with CKD.
In this meta-analysis, the researchers used individual participant data from randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical outcome trials with SGLT2 inhibitors in people with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk and/or with CKD, in which serum potassium levels were routinely measured. The major outcome assessed was time to serious hyperkalemia, determined as central laboratory determine serum potassium ≥6.0 mmol/L, with other outcomes including investigator-reported hyperkalemia events and hypokalemia (serum potassium ≤3.5 mmol/L). They performed cox regression analyses were performed to estimate treatment effects from each trial with hazards ratios (HR) and corresponding 95% CI pooled using random-effects models to obtain summary treatment effects, overall and across key subgroups.
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