Signs of early heart failure revealed in patients with type 2 diabetes

Adults with type 2 diabetes that have no history, signs or symptoms of heart problems have been shown to have severely limited exercise capacity, according to researchers at the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre. Such limitations place them at impending risk of developing heart failure, according to the team who led the study.

Researchers studied the hearts of 247 people who had been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes between 2.5 and 10 years ago. A control group of 78 people without type 2 diabetes was also recruited to act as a comparison. Over one third of volunteers were from a black or South Asian background, making the sample representative of the local community.

Using state-of-the art cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound the researchers spotted subtle impairments in the blood flow to the heart muscle and in the ability of the heart to fill with, and circulate blood around, the body of those volunteers with type 2 diabetes.

Participants also had their fitness levels measured using cardiopulmonary exercise testing - a non-invasive method used to assess the performance of the heart and lungs during exercise, usually carried out on an exercise bike.