Type 2 diabetes: Novel SGLT2 inhibitor enavogliflozin shows superior glycemic efficacy over dapagliflozin

Enavogliflozin was found to be a well-tolerated and effective sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i). Over 24 weeks of treatment, enavogliflozin had superior glycemic efficacy and adverse events similar to dapagliflozin.

Enavogliflozin is a novel SGLT2 inhibitor developed in South Korea. Deep Dutta, Department of Endocrinology, Center for Endocrinology Diabetes Arthritis & Rheumatism (CEDAR) Superspeciality Healthcare, Dwarka, New Delhi, India, and colleagues conducted the meta-analysis to analyze the safety and efficacy of enavogliflozin in type 2 diabetes.

For this purpose, the researchers systematically searched the electronic databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving patients with type 2 diabetes receiving enavogliflozin in treatment-arm, and placebo/any other medicine in control-arm.

The study's primary outcome was to evaluate changes in HbA1C (glycosylated haemoglobin). Secondary outcomes were to evaluate changes in 2-h post-prandial glucose (2-h PPG), fasting glucose (FPG), weight, blood pressure (BP), lipids, and adverse events.

Data was analyzed from 4 trials comprising 684 patients for clinical outcomes over 12–24 weeks of clinical use.

The study led to the following findings:

• Compared to placebo, patients receiving enavogliflozin had significantly lower HbA1c [MD -0.76%], FPG [MD -2.12 mmol/l], body weight [MD-1.37 kgs], systolic BP [MD-4.99 mm Hg], diastolic BP [MD-3.09 mm Hg].
• Treatment-emergent adverse events [OR1.16], serious adverse events [OR1.81], urinary infections [OR1.37] and genital infections [OR 3.07] were comparable.
• Compared to dapagliflozin patients receiving enavogliflozin had significantly lower HbA1c [MD-0.06%], FPG [MD-0.19 mmol/l], body-weight [MD-0.20 kgs], diastolic BP [MD -0.92 mm Hg] and significantly higher urine glucose creatinine ratio [MD 16.69 g/g].

"The findings showed enavogliflozin to be a well-tolerated and effective SGLT2 inhibitor for type 2 diabetes and may be superior to dapagliflozin about certain clinical aspects over six months of clinical use," the researchers concluded.

Reference:

Dutta, D., Harish, B., Anne, B., & Nagendra, L. (2023). Role of novel sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor enavogliflozin in type-2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 17(8), 102816. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102816