Young women with T2DM at greater risk of mortality following AMI: Study

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for mortality after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). A group of researchers studied the impact of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) related to sex and age on post-AMI long-term mortality.

A retrospective study included post- AMI (Acute Myocardial Infarction) patients. Data were obtained from electronic medical records. We defined the study groups by Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), stratified by age-sex. The major outcomes of the study were up-to-10 years post-discharge all-cause mortality.

The results of the study are as follows:

16,168 patients were analyzed, 40.3% had Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Ten-year mortality rates were 50.3% with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) vs. 33.1% without Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), adjHR=1.622 (p<0.001). Females (adjHR=1.085, p=0.052) and increased age (adjHR=1.056 for one-year increase, p<0.001) were associated with a higher risk of mortality (borderline statistical significance for sex). The relationship between Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and mortality was stronger in females than in males at <50 and 60-69 years (p-for-interaction 0.025 and 0.009 respectively), but not for other age groups.

Thus, the researchers concluded that the study implies heterogeneity in the impact of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on mortality of post- AMI (Acute Myocardial Infarction) patients, being greater among young patients, particularly females, and no significant impact in octogenarians. That implies that young women with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) should have advanced measures for early detection of coronary artery disease and tight control of cardiovascular risk factors to lower the propensity to develop AMI (Acute Myocardial Infarction).

Reference:

Heterogenicity of diabetes as a risk factor for all-cause mortality after acute myocardial infarction: Age and sex impact by Ygal Plakht et al. published in the Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109117