Navigating Sexual Health After Menopause: Understanding Changes and Strategies for Wellness - Dr Duru Shah
Entering menopause is an important milestone in a woman’s life. While it often brings relief from menstrual cycles and contraception worries, it can also lead to hormonal changes that can impact various aspects of health, including sexual well-being.
After menopause, many women face challenges, questions and adjustments while navigating their sexual health. However, with the right knowledge and proactive strategies, women can maintain satisfying and fulfilling intimate lives even after menopause.
Menopause, which typically occurs in the late 40s to early 50s, is defined as the discontinuance of menstrual periods for 12 consecutive months.
This transition is characterised by a decline in estrogen and progesterone production by the ovaries which can lead to various physical and emotional changes, including vaginal dryness, reduced sexual desire, and changes in sexual satisfaction. These changes are natural, but they can pose challenges to sexual health and intimacy.
One of the most common concerns women face after menopause is vaginal dryness.
It can happen due to declining estrogen levels, which can lead to thinning and drying of vaginal tissues, resulting in discomfort or pain during intercourse.
Fortunately, several options are available to alleviate this symptom. The first line of therapy includes over-the-counter vaginal moisturizers and lubricants. They can provide immediate relief by restoring moisture and reducing friction during sexual activity.
For more persistent symptoms, healthcare providers may also recommend prescription estrogen therapy in the form of vaginal creams, rings, or tablets to restore vaginal health which are extremely beneficial.
Recently laser therapies are also being utilized with the aim of increasing vaginal collagen production thus improving the elasticity of the vaginal wall, but the results are conflicting.
Libido or sexual health is also affected by menopause. Some women experience a decline in libido during menopause due to hormonal changes or other factors such as stress or relationship issues, others may find their desire remains unchanged or even increases.
In recent studies, it has been observed that a small dose of male hormones, taken under supervision, improves sexual desire and satisfaction. But this product is a prescription drug and to avail it, you must consult your gynaecologist to know if you are a suitable candidate for this therapy.
Better understanding and communication with a partner about changes in libido can help navigate this aspect of sexual health. Additionally, incorporating activities that promote intimacy and connection outside of the bedroom, such as spending quality time together or engaging in shared hobbies, can strengthen emotional bonds and enhance sexual satisfaction.
Women can also try to explore new ways of experiencing pleasure and satisfaction. As hormonal changes may impact sexual response, experimenting with different forms of stimulation and exploring erogenous zones beyond traditional genital stimulation can help reignite pleasure and arousal.
Menopause brings physical changes as well as emotional and psychological shifts that influence sexual health.
Mood swings, anxiety, or depression are very commonly experienced during menopause which can affect self-esteem and sexual confidence.Seeking support from healthcare providers, counsellors, or support groups can provide valuable resources and strategies for coping with these emotional challenges.
To maintain sexual health, overall health and wellness should also be prioritized. Regular exercise, a balanced diet, and adequate sleep can support hormonal balance, energy levels, and mood stability, all of which are essential for a healthy and fulfilling sex life.
Additionally, avoiding tobacco, excessive alcohol consumption, and illicit drug use can also help minimize risks to sexual health and overall well-being.
After menopause, 30 – 50% women experience sexual difficulties. By consulting their gynaecologists to address concerns and discuss treatment options, while also through open communication and self-care, women can embrace this new chapter of their life with confidence and fulfilment in their sexual health and intimate relationships.
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