Can Diabetes Cause Uterine Cancer? ICMR sheds light

Diabetes is a global health crisis, with millions being diagnosed each year. While complications such as heart disease, kidney disease, and nerve damage are well-known, a lesser-known but equally serious complication is the increased risk of uterine cancer.

The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has highlighted a crucial link between type 2 diabetes and a rise in uterine cancer cases, emphasizing that managing diabetes involves more than just blood sugar control.

According to ICMR, diabetes mellitus (DM) significantly increases the risk of endometrial cancer (EC). Women with type 2 diabetes are twice as likely to develop EC, with high blood sugar levels potentially contributing to the growth and spread of endometrial cancer cells. The connection between these conditions can be partly attributed to obesity, a common factor in both. Excess weight disrupts healthy hormone production, leading to high insulin levels in diabetes, which may also promote uncontrolled cell growth seen in uterine cancer. Obesity can trigger chronic inflammation, creating an environment conducive to cancer development.

Understanding these shared pathways is crucial for developing preventative strategies and improving patient care. Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress associated with diabetes weaken the immune system and promote abnormal cell growth. This risk is heightened by obesity, leading to a high-estrogen environment and chronic inflammation. Additional risk factors include age, HPV infection, unhealthy habits like smoking and alcohol use, and insulin resistance.

Preventing uterine cancer in individuals with diabetes starts with controlling blood sugar levels. Maintaining a healthy weight through a balanced diet and regular physical activity is essential, as obesity significantly increases the risk. Smoking is another major risk factor; individuals with diabetes who smoke are at an even higher risk of uterine cancer.

Regular screening for uterine cancer is vital for early detection and treatment. Women with diabetes should undergo annual pelvic exams to check for abnormalities in the uterus and cervix. Early detection through these tests increases the chances of successful treatment.

Recognizing the early signs and symptoms of uterine cancer, such as abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain or pressure, and pain during intercourse, is also important. Consulting a healthcare professional if these symptoms occur can lead to early evaluation and intervention, improving outcomes.

In conclusion, understanding the link between diabetes and uterine cancer is vital for effective management and prevention. By maintaining blood sugar control, a healthy weight, quitting smoking, and undergoing regular screenings, individuals with diabetes can significantly reduce their risk of developing uterine cancer.

Reference: Indian Council of Medical Research- ICMR