Researchers Explore Scorpion Venom as Potential Treatment Strategy for Liver Disease

Scorpion venom may sound dangerous, but its peptides are attracting attention as possible medicines for inflammation, liver disease, pain and viral infections.

A recent review in iLIVER examined research on scorpion venom peptides and their potential for inflammatory and liver disorders. Scientists have identified thousands of scorpion species, making their venom a source of active molecules.

Researchers broadly divide these peptides into two groups: disulfide-bridged peptides and non-disulfide-bridged peptides. These molecules can interact with cell membranes, immune pathways and ion channels, which may allow them to influence inflammation and other disease processes.

Several peptides have shown promising effects in laboratory and animal studies. For example, BmKK2 can affect a protein called Kv1.3 involved in immune-cell activity and may reduce inflammatory signalling. Other peptides have shown pain-relieving effects or reduced inflammation in experimental models.

The liver is another area of interest. In mice, a processed venom-gland extract containing BmKK2 reduced liver fat, inflammation and fibrosis in a model of diet-related fatty liver disease. However, these results are still preclinical and have not established that the treatment works in people.

Some venom peptides have also demonstrated antiviral activity against viruses including hepatitis B and hepatitis C in laboratory studies. Researchers are exploring whether these molecules could eventually help block viral entry or replication.

Despite the promise, challenges remain. Venom peptides can be difficult and expensive to produce, may be broken down quickly in the body, and can have limited absorption when taken orally. Scientists are investigating artificial intelligence, advanced screening and nanoparticle-based delivery systems to improve their stability and targeting.

Overall, scorpion venom peptides represent a promising source of drug candidates. However, most evidence remains experimental, and extensive studies on safety, dosing, pharmacokinetics and effectiveness in humans are needed before clinical use.

REFERENCE: Doctor, J., Parikh, Z., Chauhan, A., & Raina, A. (2026). Scorpion venom peptides: Novel therapeutic approaches for inflammatory and hepatic disorders. iLIVER. 5, 100255. DOI: 10.1016/j.iliver.2026.100255