Medical Bulletin 11/January/ 2022

Here are todays Top medical stories 

Do Fewer disturbances from nighttime checks translate into better sleep in hospitalised patients?

Sleep is very crucial for ones well being and maintenance of health and has major consequences for physical and emotional well-being. Sleep helps insomnia in hospitalized adults is a common condition and a source of patient dissatisfaction.

A recent study published in the JAMA Internal Medicine suggests that a predictive algorithm, paired with targeted and informative clinical decision support (CDS), can assist physicians to identify stable hospitalized patients. They found no significant harm in reducing overnight vital sign checks in such patients. However, the predictive algorithm does not reduce the incidence of delirium. 

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Do Fewer disturbances from nighttime checks translate into better sleep in hospitalised patients?

Childhood cataract associated with markedly increased risk of mental disorders

Children with cataract are more likely to come from a socio-economically disadvantaged background which may further increase the risk of pediatric child mental disorders. Childhood cataract is a significant cause of visual disability in infancy and early childhood that requires intensive management.

Visually disturbing cataracts can be removed by surgery but prolonged and intensive visual and optical rehabilitation is required. Clinical research evidence point to an increased risk of mental health problems and disorders in children and adolescents suffering from chronic diseases.

Study highlights the burden of psychological burden on  adolescent children with type1 diabetes.

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Childhood cataract associated with markedly increased risk of mental disorders: Study

Ketamine therapy swiftly reduces depression and suicidal thoughts

Ketamine therapy has shown a positive outcome in treatment of depression with reportedly a swift short-term effect on reducing symptoms of depression and suicidal thoughts, according to a review of all the available evidence. Depression is a disease that requires immediate attention and management.

A systematic review led by the University of Exeter and funded by the Medical Research Council analyzed evidence from 83 published research papers. The strongest evidence emerged around the use of ketamine to treoat both major depression and bipolar depression. Symptoms were reduced as swiftly as one to four hours after a single treatment, and lasted up to two weeks. Some evidence suggested that repeated treatment may prolong the effects, however more high-quality research is needed to determine by how long.

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Ketamine therapy swiftly reduces depression and suicidal thoughts

Can oral contraceptives improve Taste function in women with Poly cystic ovarian syndrome? 

Taste changes and food cravings are most common in women, recently studies have reported that there is a decline in taste in women suffering from Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), however factors related to it aren't clear.

A new study has revealed that taste perception is impaired in patients with PCOS, and that short-term oral contraceptive (OC) usage has no effect on taste functioning in the disease.

The findings of this study  published in Journal of Appetite concluded that androgen excess explains only 22% of variation in taste perception however treatment of hyperandrogenism with oral contraceptives did not improve taste perception, more research is needed to determine probable pathways of improvement  of taste in PCOS women.

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Can oral contraceptives improve Taste function in women with PCOS?

How regular exercise can protect against fatty liver associated diseases

Exercise is crucial for maintaining a healthy lifestyle in present day world. It keeps us more active, fit and energetic in our day to day activities.

Exercise not only trains the muscles but can also prevent the development of fatty liver reveals a new study by the German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD). 

The study has now been published in Molecular Metabolism says regular exercise regulates important enzymes of glucose and fructose degradation in the liver as well as mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism. 

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How regular exercise can protect against fatty liver associated diseases