Medical Bulletin 11/December/2021

Here are Top Medical stories of the day

Vitamin D levels during pregnancy may be linked to postpartum depression

Results from a meta-analysis have suggested a possible association between vitamin D levels at mid-pregnancy and postpartum depression (PPD). Considering this, women at risk for PPD should be made aware of this potential association and ways to maintain normal vitamin D levels.

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Vitamin D Levels During Pregnancy May Be Linked To Postpartum Depression, Suggests Study

Fish Oil & DASH Diet Partially Alters Lipid Metabolism not glycemic control or adiposity

Type 2 diabetes is associated with elevated levels of metabolic abnormalities and systemic inflammation, with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) diseases. A recent study suggests that fish oil intervention with a dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH) had partial alteration on lipid metabolism and inflammatory mediators. The study findings were presented at the Metabolic Institute of America (TMIOA) 2021 World Congress Insulin Resistance Diabetes & Cardiovascular Disease (WCIRDC) Meeting.

Omega-3 fatty acids contain two long-chain fats: eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which are found in oily fish. Recent studies demonstrated the effects of EPA and DHA on the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. To further evaluate Dr Fasail Ali and team hypothesized that altering the macronutrient composition of diets in patients with diabetes might alter metabolic and inflammatory abnormalities. They conducted a study to evaluate the changes in plasma lipid profile and identify potential inflammatory mediators following the DASH diet and the omega-3 capsules supplementation.

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Fish Oil & DASH Diet Partially Alters Lipid Metabolism, not glycemic control or adiposity

Brain lesions on MRI linked to years of playing football

Certain markers of injury to the brain's white matter, called white matter hyperintensities, can be seen on brain scans. A new study finds that brain scans taken during the lifetimes of athletes in contact sports, compared to changes in their brains at autopsy, showed that white matter hyperintensities were associated with neuropathological changes. The research is published in the November 24, 2021, online issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.

The study also found that white matter hyperintensities were more common in athletes who played contact sports longer or had more head impacts during their careers.

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Study Finds Brain Lesions On MRI Linked To Years Of Playing Football

Long-term exposure to air pollution linked to fatty liver disease

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a growing global health challenge and poses a substantial economic burden. A large-scale epidemiologic study in China has identified links between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and MAFLD. These links are exacerbated by unhealthy lifestyles and the presence of central obesity, report scientists in the Journal of Hepatology, the official journal of the European Association for the Study of the Liver, published by Elsevier.

The incidence of MAFLD has increased steadily since the 1980s, currently affecting a quarter of the global population and a majority of patients with adult-onset diabetes and poses a substantial global burden. In Asia, MAFLD increased to 40% between 2012 and 2017. Formerly known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), it may progress to end-stage liver diseases such as cirrhosis and liver cancer, liver transplantation and liver-related death.

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Long-Term Exposure To Air Pollution Linked To Fatty Liver Disease: Study

Spaceflight leads to brow elevation without affecting eyelid position

Spaceflight results in brow elevation without consistent elevation or depression of the eyelid. Los Angeles, CA: A recent study revealed that spaceflight although does not consistently alter upper eyelid position, it does lead to a significant elevation of brow position. In simpler words, gravity has a more pronounced effect on brow position than it does eyelid position. The study appears in the journal Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.

In the study, Justin Karlin, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, and colleagues aimed to describe the effect of spaceflight on upper eyelid and brow position.

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Spaceflight Leads To Brow Elevation Without Affecting Eyelid Position: Study