HPV Vaccine Offers Strong Protection-Even for the Unvaccinated: JAMA Pediatrics Study

A large, long-term study led by a researcher at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine and published in JAMA Pediatrics has found that the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is highly effective at preventing HPV infections in real-world settings. The study also revealed significant herd immunity effects, offering protection even to young women who were not vaccinated.

HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection globally and is responsible for more than 690,000 new cancer cases annually. It is the primary cause of cervical cancer, along with several other genital and head and neck cancers in both women and men. To assess real-world performance, the researchers conducted six separate studies in Cincinnati between 2006 and 2023, enrolling 2,335 adolescent and young adult women aged 13 to 26. Many participants were considered high-risk for HPV, with 79% reporting two or more male sexual partners and over half having a history of at least one sexually transmitted infection. Participants were categorized as vaccinated if they had received at least one dose of any of the available HPV vaccines: 2-valent, 4-valent, or the newer 9-valent vaccine.