Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients with Interstitial Lung Diseases of North India
Obstructive sleep apnea is commonly found in Interstitial lung diseases with overall incidence varying from 17 to 88 %. The morbidity and mortality of obstructive sleep apnea are high when it occurs with chronic respiratory disorders like Interstitial lung diseases. The present study in the Journal of the associations of Physician of India (JAPI) aimed to assess the occurrence of obstructive sleep apnea in Interstitial lung disease patients and its correlation with other parameters.
Prospective observational study of 41 Interstitial lung disease patients of one-year duration. All patients underwent detailed clinical examination, radiological, laboratory investigations, and Type 1 diagnostic polysomnography according to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine Guidelines. The severity of obstructive sleep apnea was defined as per AHI and the correlation of obstructive sleep apnea with other parameters was assessed.
The mean age was 55.5 years with 73% female. The mean BMI of 28.6 kg/m2 with dyspnea and cough were the common symptoms. The most common type of Interstitial lung disease was HP (46.3%). The common HRCT findings were GGO (82.9%), and fibrosis (65.9%). Obstructive sleep apnea was seen in 32(78%) patients with 24 females. The Apnea-hypopnea index showed a significant positive correlation with BMI and ODI, while a negative correlation with Forced expiratory volume / Forced vital capacity %.
Obstructive sleep apnea is common in north Indian Interstitial lung disease patients. Polysomnography should be done in all the patients with Interstitial lung diseases whenever feasible for early diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea, as the coexisting of both will further decrease quality of life and increase morbidity in this chronic progressive lung disease concluded the researchers.
Reference: Tome Kamgo1, Sonam Spalgais2, Raj Kumar "Prevalence and Profile of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients with Interstitial Lung Diseases of North India" Volume Issue: 70, JAPI.
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