DNB Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy in India: Check out NBE released Curriculum
The National Board of Examinations (NBE) has released the Curriculum for DNB Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy. Following are the details:I. OBJECTIVES OF THE PROGRAMME:1. Programme Goal - To provide uniform, standard training in Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprosy to the candidates so that after 3 years of training they are able to acquire the necessary competencies in the specialty to...
The National Board of Examinations (NBE) has released the Curriculum for DNB Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy. Following are the details:
I. OBJECTIVES OF THE PROGRAMME:
1. Programme Goal - To provide uniform, standard training in Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprosy to the candidates so that after 3 years of training they are able to acquire the necessary competencies in the specialty to work as Senior Resident/ Junior Consultant
2. Programme Objectives - The students after the training should be able to:
i. Provide quality patient care
ii. Able to perform Clinical examination & relevant laboratory investigations
iii. Adopt a compassionate attitude towards the patient (and their families) under his/her charge
iv. Describe preventive measures at individual and community levels against communicable Skin, Leprosy, and Venereal diseases
v. Manage independently and efficiently all medical emergencies related with skin, leprosy, and venereal disease
vi. Describe the current treatment modalities and awareness of the latest treatment of various diseases of skin, STD, and leprosy.
vii. Teach the medical and Paramedical students in the specialties
viii. Conduct research in the field of Skin, Venereal diseases & Leprosy
ix. Describe the preventive aspects, education, counseling services to the patient and the National Control Program of India for Leprosy, STDs, and HIV infections.
II. TEACHING AND TRAINING ACTIVITIES:
The fundamental components of the teaching programme should include:
1. Case presentations (long & spot cases) & discussion- once a week
2. Seminar – Once a week
3. Journal club- Once a week
4. Ward round presentation
5. Faculty lecture teaching- once a month
6. Clinicopathological conference – once a week
7. Clinical Audit-Once a Month
8. A poster and have one oral presentation at least once during their training period in a recognized conference.
The rounds should include bedside sessions, file rounds & documentation of case history and examination, progress notes, round discussions, investigations, and management plan) interesting and difficult case unit discussions.
The training program would focus on knowledge, skills, and attitudes (behavior), all essential components of education. It is being divided into theoretical, clinical, and practical in all aspects of the delivery of rehabilitative care, including the methodology of research and teaching.
i. Theoretical: The theoretical knowledge would be imparted to the candidates through discussions, journal clubs, symposia, and seminars. The students are exposed to recent advances through discussions in journal clubs. These are considered necessary in view of an inadequate exposure to the subject in the undergraduate curriculum.
ii. Symposia: Trainees should be encouraged to present symposia based on the curriculum in a period of three years to the combined class of teachers and students. A free discussion would be encouraged in these symposia. The topics of the symposia would be given to the trainees with the dates for presentation.
iii. Clinical: The trainee would be attached to a faculty/senior resident to be able to pick up methods of history taking, examination, prescription writing, and management and rehabilitation practice.
POSTING SCHEDULE
Place DURATION
CLINICS 9AM-1PM DAILY (MON-SATURDAY)
1. WARD 6 MONTHS
2. STD CLINIC 6 MONTHS
3. LEPROSY CLINIC 3 MONTHS
4. MINOR OT 3 MONTHS
5. OPD 18 MONTHS
SPECIAL CLINICS (ONCE A WEEK): EVENING 2-4 PM
1. VITILIGO CLINIC 3 MONTHS
2. PSORIASIS CLINIC 3 MONTHS
3. VESICO BULLOUS CLINIC 3 MONTHS
4. PIGMENTARY CLINIC 3 MONTHS
5. PSORIASIS CLINIC 3 MONTHS
6. DERMATOSURGERY 3 MONTHS
7. PHOTOTHERAPY 3 MONTHS
8. COSMETOLOGY (PEELS, FILLERS, ETC.) 3 MONTHS
SKILLS
1. Clinical skills
2. Bedside diagnostic skills
3. Dermatopathology skills
4. Dermatosurgery skills
Clinical skills
• Take detailed and reliable history and record appropriate details
• Demonstrate detailed and correct physical examination, including skin & appendages, mucous membranes, and other relevant body systems
• Formulate an accurate, complete, and appropriate differential diagnosis
• Select appropriate investigations for diagnosis
• Select the appropriate treatment plan
• Communicate the treatment plan to the patient and/or relatives or care-takers
• Recognize potentially serious skin diseases
• Recognize the urgency of patients requiring immediate assessment and treatment, and differentiate from non-urgent cases
• Recognize own limits and choose appropriately when to ask for help.
Dermatopathology skills
• Recognize importance of histopathology in appropriate cases
• Regularly review biopsy specimens with histopathologist
• Evaluate histological skin slides, giving appropriate differential diagnosis
• Discuss appropriate differential diagnosis with the histopathology team
• Interpret special stains/immunohistochemistry correctly
• Participate actively in the departmental clinicopathological review
Bedside diagnostic skills
Perform and interpret the following tests/diagnostic procedures:
• KOH smear examination
• Tzanck test
• Gram staining
• Giemsa staining
• Zeil-Neilson staining for acid-fast bacilli (AFB)
• Dark ground illumination (DGI) microscopy for treponemes
• Wood's lamp examination
Dermatosurgery skills
• Accurately evaluate surgical options for individual skin lesions
• Perform the following surgical procedures safely and effectively:
1. Biopsies – skin, nail, and nerve
2. Cryotherapy
3. Curettage with and without cautery
4. Shave excision
5. Wound closure using different suturing techniques
6. Chemical peeling
• Observe the following with a proper understanding of the procedure:
1. Patch testing
2. Phototherapy (PUVA and NB-UVB)
3. Dermabrasion
4. Nail surgery
5. Split thickness grafting
6. LASER
• Identify complications of skin surgery, including medico-legal aspects
• Participate in surgical audit
• Recognize limits of own surgical skills, and consult with plastic surgeon appropriately
III. SYLLABUS:
ANATOMY AND ORGANIZATION OF HUMAN SKIN
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Components of normal human skin ♦ Epidermis ♦ Dermoepidermal Junctional ♦ Dermis ♦ Langerhan's cells ♦ Mast cells | ♦ Nerves and sense organs ♦ Merkel cells ♦ Basophils ♦ Blood vessels ♦ Lymphatic systems | ♦ Embryology ♦ Regional variation of lymphatic |
FUNCTION OF THE SKIN
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Barrier functions ♦ Temperature regulation ♦ Skin Failure ♦ Immunological function | ♦ Mechanical function ♦ Sensory and autonomic function | ♦ Bioengineering and the skin ♦ Socio sexual communication |
DIAGNOSIS OF SKIN DISEASE
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Fundamental of diagnosis ♦ Disease definition ♦ The history ♦ Examination of the skin ♦ Additional clinical investigation (Diascopy, Wood's light, F.N.A.C. of lymph nodes, etc.) ♦ Skin testing | ♦ Radiological and imaging ♦ Commonly used laboratory tests examination | ♦ Oral provocation test |
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ What is epidemiology and why is it relevant to dermatology ♦ Describing the natural history and association of specific skin disease | How much of public health problem is a skin disease What determines the frequency of skin disease |
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HISTOPATHOLOGY OF THE SKIN GENERAN PRINCIPLES
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Biopsy of the skin ♦ Laboraory methods | ♦ Artefacts ♦ The approach to the microscopic examination of tissue sections |
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MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
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| ♦ Basic Molecular biology of the cell ♦ Molecular techniques ♦ Cancer genetics ♦ Complex traits | ♦ Strategies for identification of disease-causing genes ♦ Future strategies |
INFLAMMATION
Must know | Should know | Good to know |
♦ Characteristics of inflammation ♦ Phases of inflammation ♦ Innate defence mechanisms ♦ Apoptosis ♦ Major histocompatibility complex | ♦ Vasculature and inflammation ♦ Mediators of inflammation |
CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY, ALLERGY, AND PHOTO IMMUNOLOGY
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Innate immunity ♦ Acquired immunity ♦ Photo immunology ♦ Overview of the structure and function of the immune system | ♦ Overview of immunological disease | ♦ Overview of diagnostic testing for immunological and allergic disease |
WOUND HEALING
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Clinical aspects of wound healing | ♦ Biological aspects of wound healing |
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GENETICS AND GENODERMATOSES
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Genetics and disorders of the skin ♦ Histocompatibility antigens and disease association ♦ Chromosomal disorders – down's syndrome, trisomy 18, trisomy 13 (clinical features, diagnosis, management) ♦ Ectodermal dysplasias o Hypohidrotic ED – definition, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment o EEC syndrome o Hidrotic ED o Rapp Hodgkin syndrome ♦ Syndromes associated with DNA instability o Xeroderma pigmentosa – definition, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment o Bloom's syndrome o Cockayane's syndrome ♦ Sex chromosomal defects – turner's, klinefelter's, noonan syndrome o Familial multiple tumour syndromes – neurofibromatosis syndrome 1,2 – (definition, etiology, clinical features, treatment) o Tuberous sclerosis complex | ♦ Nosology of genetics in skin disease ♦ Principles of medical genetics ♦ Genetic counseling ♦ Poikilodermatous syndromes: dyskeratosis congenital, rothmund Thompson syndrome ♦ Gardner syndrome ♦ Cowden syndrome | ♦ Miscellaneous syndromes ♦ Focal dermal ♦ hypoplasia ♦ Nail patella syndrome ♦ Pachydermoperi ostosis |
PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS OF GENETIC SKIN DISEASE
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Methods in prenatal diagnosis ♦ Complication of fetal skin biopsy ♦ Ethical aspects of prenatal diagnosis ♦ Current indications for fetal skin biopsy | ♦ DNA techniques ♦ Preimplantation genetic diagnosis | |
THE NEONATE
Must know | Should know | Good to know |
♦ Skin disorders in the neonate ♦ Collodion baby ♦ Eczematous eruption in the newborn ♦ Inflantile psoriasis and napkin psoriasis | ♦ Disorders caused by transplacental transfer of maternal autoantibody ♦ Blueberry muffin baby ♦ Disorders caused by transfer of toxic ♦ Acute hemorrhagic oedema of childhood ♦ Infections ♦ Primary immunodeficiency disorders ♦ Disorders of subcutaneous fat | ♦ Substances in maternal milk ♦ Neonatal purpura |
NAEVI AND OTHER DEVELOPMENTAL DEFECTS
| MUST KNOW | SHOULD KNOW | GOOD TO KNOW |
| ♦ Definitions o Etiology o Classification ♦ Epidermal naevi o Keratinocyte naevi o VEN o ILVEN o Follicular naevi o Comedonaevus o Nevus sebaceous o Epidermal naevus syndrome
♦ Vascular naevi o Infantile hemangioma o Kasabach merritt syndrome
♦ Vascular malformations ♦ Capillary o Salmon patch o Portwine stain o Naevusanemicus o Sturge weber syndrome ♦ Mixed vascular ♦ Klippel trenauny ♦ Parkas weber syndrome ♦ Cutis marmorata telangiectatica o Angiokeratomas ♦ Angiokeratoma circumscriptum ♦ Angiokeratoma of Mibelli ♦ Solitary popular ♦ Angiokeratoma of scrotum ♦ Preauricular cyst and sinus ♦ Aplasia cutis congenita |
♦ Linear porokeratosis ♦ Apocrine naevus ♦ Eccrine naevus ♦ Dermal and subcutaneous naevi ♦ Eruptive collagenoma ♦ Shagreen patch ♦ Knuckle pads ♦ Pseudoxanthoma elasticum ♦ Proteus syndrome ♦ Zosteriform venous malformation |
♦ Branchial cyst ♦ Branchial sinus and fistula |
PRURITUS
| ♦ Classification ♦ Measurement ♦ Pathophysiology ♦ Central itch ♦ Factors modulating itching ♦ Scratching ♦ Itching in non-inflamed skin ♦ Itching in disease states ♦ Aquagenic pruritus ♦ Psychogenic pruritus ♦ Postmenopausal pruritus ♦ Pruritus of atopic eczema ♦ Acquired immune deficiency syndrome ♦ Investigation of generalized pruritus ♦ Management of itching | ♦ Important miscellaneous causes of intense itching |
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ECZEMAS
| MUST KNOW | SHOULD KNOW | GOOD TO KNOW |
| ♦ Definitions, classification, histopathology ♦ Secondary dissemination: mechanism, C/F ♦ Infective dermatitis ♦ Dermatophytide ♦ Seborrheic dermatitis: definition, etiology, C/F, morphology, variants, diagnosis, treatment ♦ Seborrheic folliculitis ♦ Asteatotic eczema ♦ Discoid eczema ♦ Hand eczema ♦ Pompholyx ♦ Hyperkeratotic palmar eczema ♦ Ring eczema ♦ Wear tear dermatitis ♦ Finger tip eczema ♦ Gravitational eczema ♦ Juvenile plantar dermatosis ♦ Pityriasis alba ♦ Diagnosis and treatment of eczemas ♦ Lichenification ♦ Lichen simplex ♦ Lichen chronicus ♦ Prurigo ♦ Nodular prurigo ♦ Prurigo pigmentosa ♦ Prurigo of pregnancy ♦ Actinic prurigo ♦ Neurotic excoriation | ♦ Metabolic eczema ♦ Eczematous drug eruption ♦ Chronic superficial scaly dermatitis | ♦ Papuloerythro derma of Ofujii ♦ Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis |
ATOPIC DERMATITIS
MUST KNOW | SHOULD KNOW | GOOD TO KNOW |
♦ Aetio pathogenesis ♦ Clinical features ♦ Associated disorders ♦ Complications ♦ Natural history and prognosis ♦ Diagnosis ♦ Differential diagnosis ♦ Investigation ♦ Treatment | ♦ Disease prevention and occupational advice |
| MUST KNOW | SHOULD KNOW | GOOD TO KNOW |
| ♦ Pathogenesis, Pathology ♦ Predisposing factors ♦ Clinical features ♦ Specific irritant ♦ Investigations ♦ Management ♦ Prevention ♦ Prognosis |
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CONTACT DERMATITIS: ALLERGIC
| MUST KNOW | SHOULD KNOW | GOOD TO KNOW |
| ♦ Pathogenesis, Pathology o Predisposing factors o Clinical features ♦ Photo allergic contact dermatitis ♦ Non-eczematous responses ♦ Differential diagnosis ♦ Allergic contact dermatitis o to specific allergens (airborne contact allergens, plants, cosmetic, robber, latex.) ♦ Patch testing ♦ Photopatch testing o Prevention o Management o Prognosis | ♦ Oral desensitization ♦ Immune contact urticaria ♦ Multiple patch-test reaction ♦ Other test |
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OCCUPATIONAL DERMATOSES
| MUST KNOW | SHOULD KNOW | GOOD TO KNOW |
| ♦ Eczematous dermatoses ♦ Non-eczematous occupational dermatoses ♦ Medicolegal aspects of occupational dermatoses ♦ Specific occupational hazards |
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MECHANICAL AND THERMAL INJURY
| MUST KNOW | SHOULD KNOW | GOOD TO KNOW |
| ♦ Penetrating injuries ♦ Skin lesions in drug addicts ♦ Skin hazards of swimming and diving ♦ Vibration ♦ Reactions to internal mechanical stress ♦ Mechanical trauma and skin neoplasia ♦ Effects of heat and infrared radiation ♦ Burns | ♦ Biomechanical considerations ♦ Effects of friction ♦ Pressure ulcer ♦ Effects of ction ♦ Miscellaneous reactions to mechanical trauma □Foreign bodies |
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REACTIONS TO COLD
| MUST KNOW ♦ Physiological reactions to cold ♦ Disease of cold exposure ♦ -Frostbite ♦ Trench foot ♦ Diseases of abnormal sensitivity to cold ♦ Perniosis ♦ Acrocyanosis ♦ Erythrocyanosis ♦ Livedo reticularis ♦ Raynaud's phenomenon ♦ Cryoglobulinaemia ♦ Cryofibrinogenaemia ♦ Cold agglutinins ♦ Cold haemolysins ♦ Cold urticaria ♦ Cold erythema | SHOULD KNOW ♦ Other syndromes caused by cold ♦ Neonatal cold injury ♦ Cold panniculitis ♦ Hypothermia | GOOD TO KNOW |
BACTERIAL INFECTIONS
| MUST KNOW | SHOULD KNOW | GOOD TO KNOW |
| ♦ Normal flora of the skin ♦ Gram positive bacteria o Staphylococcus aureus o Streptococci ♦ Impetigo ♦ Ecthyma ♦ Folliculitis ♦ Furunculosis ♦ Carbuncle ♦ Sycosis ♦ Ecthyma ♦ Erysipelas ♦ Cellulitis ♦ Vulvovaginitis ♦ Perianal infection ♦ Streptococcal ulcers ♦ Blistering distal dactylitis ♦ Necrotising fasciitis ♦ Cutaneous disease due to the effect of bacterial toxin o Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome o Toxic Shock Syndrome ♦ Non-infective Folliculitis ♦Skin lesions due to allergic hypersensitivity to streptococcal antigens ♦ Erythema nodosum ♦Vasculitis ♦ bacteria o Diphtheria o Erythrasma o Trichomycosis axillaris o Pitted Keratolysis ♦ Erysipeloid ♦ Gas gangrene ♦ Gram negative bacteria o Meningococcal infection o Gonococcal infection o Chancroid o Salmonella infection o Pseudomonas infection o Rhinocleroma o Plague & Yersinia infections o Bacillary angiomatosis o Anaerobic bacteria o Tropical ulcer o ranuloma inguinale o Spirochetes & spiral bacteria o Lyme disease o Leptospirosis o Botryomycosis o Necrotising subcutaneous infections o Mycoplasma infections o Lymphogranuloma venerum o Actinomycete infections o Nocardiosis ♦ Dermatoses possibly attributed to bacteria ♦ Chancriform pyoderma ♦ Dermatitis vegetans ♦ Kawasaki disease ♦ Supurative hidradenitis | ♦Tissue damage from circulating toxins ♦ Scarlet fever ♦ Toxic-shock-like syndrome ♦ Propionibacterium ♦ Anthrax ♦ Tularaemia ♦ Pasturella infection ♦ Brucellosis ♦ Rickettsial infections | ♦ Listeriosis |
MYCOBACTERIAL INFECTIONS
| MUST KNOW | SHOULD KNOW | GOOD TO KNOW |
| ♦ Mycobacterium tuberculosis- ♦ -Microbiology ♦ -Epidemiology ♦ -Immunology ♦ -The tuberculin test ♦ -Cutaneous tuberculosis-clinical features,classification,histopathology,prognosis, diagnosis,treatment,BCG vaccination,M.tuberculosis ♦ co-infection with HIV | ♦ Non-tuberculous mycobacteria- classification, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment |
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MYCOLOGY
MUST KNOW | SHOULD KNOW | GOOD TO KNOW |
♦Superficial and cutaneous mycoses- Dermatophytosis,laboratory investigations(KOH,Wood's light,culture),candidiasis,pityriasis versicolor, piedra,tinea nigra,onychomycosis ♦ Subcutaneous and deep fungal infections-lab diagnosis and management ♦ Sporotrichosis, mycetoma, chromoblastomycosis ♦ Phaeohyphomycosis, lobomycosis, rhinosoridiosis, subcutaneous zygomycosis, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, coccidiomycosis, paracoccidio mycosis. |
PARASITIC WORMS AND PROTOZOA
| Must Know | Should Know | Good to Know |
| ♦ Lymphatic filariasis, leishmaniasis- epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment | Larva migrans | ♦ Cutaneous amoebiasis |
ARTHROPODS AND NOXIOUS ANIMALS
| Must Know | Should Know | Good to Know |
| ♦ Scabies and pediculosis- epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis and management | ♦ Cutaneous myiasis, Insect bites |
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DISORDERS OF KERATINIZATION
| Must Know | Should Know | Good to Know |
| ♦ ICHTHYOSIS – definition, classification ♦ Congenital ichthyosis – histopathology, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, treatment ♦ Ichthyosis vulgaris ♦ X linked recessive ichthyosis ♦ Colloidan baby ♦ Non bullous icthyosiform erythroderma ♦ Lamellar ichthyosis ♦ Harlequin ichthyosis ♦ Bullous icthyosiform erythroderma ♦ Ichthyosis bullosa of Seimens ♦ Ichthyosis hystrix ♦ Netherton syndrome ♦ Acquired ichthyosis ♦ Ichthosis with malignancy ♦ Ichthosis with non malignant disease ♦ Drug induced ichthyosis ♦ Erythrokeratoderma ♦ Erythrokeratoderma variabilis ♦ Progressive symmetrical erythrokeratoderma ♦ Keratosis pilaris ♦ Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans ♦ Pityriasis rubra pilaris ♦ Darier's disease ♦ porokeratosis ♦ PALMOPLANTAR KERATODERMA diffuse, transgradient, focal, striate ♦ -ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS confluent and reticulate pappilomatosis | ♦ Multiple sulphatase deficiency ♦ Sjogren larrson syndrome ♦ Refsum's disease ♦ IBIDIS syndrome ♦ X linked dominant ichthyosis ♦ Pityriasis rotunda ♦ Peeling skin syndrome – acquired, familial ♦ Transient and persistant acantholytic dermatosis ♦ Acrokeratosis verruciformis ♦ Perforating keratotic disorders | ♦ Neutral lipid storage disorders ♦ KID syndrome ♦ HID syndrome ♦ CHILD syndrome ♦ Ichthyosis follicularis with alopecia and photophobia ♦ Ichthyosis with renal disease ♦ Ichthyosis with immune defects ♦ Ichthyosis with cancer ♦ Keratoderma and associated disorders |
PSORIASIS
| Must Know | Should Know | Good to Know |
| ♦ Epidemiology ♦ Aetiology and pathogenesis ♦ Histopathology ♦ Clinical Features ♦Complications ♦ Differential diagnosis ♦ Prognosis ♦ Management- topical, systemic and biologic therapies ♦ Pustular psoriasis and psoriatic arthropathy |
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NON-MELANOMA SKIN CANCER AND OTHER EPIDERMAL SKIN TUMOURS
| Must Know | Should Know | Good to Know |
| ♦ Epidemiology and risk factors ♦ Clinical features, diagnosis, and management of NMSC ♦ Basal cell carcinoma ♦ Squamous cell carcinoma ♦ Premalignant epithelial lesions- Actinic keratosis, Bowen's disease, Cutaneous horn ♦ -Erythroplasia of Queyrat, seborrheic keratoses, dermatoses papulosa nigra, skin tags, keratoacanthoma, pseudoepi theliomatous hyperplasia, milia | ♦ Molecular and cellular biology-role of UVR and HPV ♦ -Arsenical keratoses, Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis, Bowenoid papulosis ♦ steatomacystoma multiplex ♦ epidermal cyst ♦ trichlemmal cyst ♦ keratoacanthoma |
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TUMOURS OF THE SKIN APPENDAGES
| Must Know | Should Know | Good to Know |
| ♦ Syringoma, trichoepithelioma, pilomat ricoma, Paget's disease ♦ Comedone nevus |
| ♦ Other appendageal tumours |
DISORDERS OF CUTANEOUS MELANOCYTE
| Must Know | Should Know | Good to Know |
| ♦ Ephelids, lentiginosis and its types ♦ Naevi – melanocytic, spitz, halo, congenital melanocytic ♦ Nevus of ota and ito ♦ Mongolian spot ♦ Malignant melanoma of the skin- ♦ etiology,variants,histopathology,staging,management and prevention | syndromes |
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DISORDERS OF SKIN COLOUR
| Must Know | Should Know | Good to Know |
| ♦ The basics of melanocytes- EMU,distribution,embryology,fine structure,melanogenesis ♦ Hypermelanosis- Lentiginosis, ephelides, hereditary disorders, hypermelanosis due to systemic disorders and drugs, postinflammatory hypermelanosis, erythema dyschromicum perstans, facial melanoses, dermal melanoses, treatment ♦ Hypomelanosis-Vitiligo, genetic and naevoid disorders | ♦ Melanocyte culture, pathogeness of disorders of pigmentation Acquired hypomelanosis, endogeneous and exogeneous non- melanin pigmentation |
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BULLOUS ERUPTIONS
1) CONGENITAL AND INHERITED DISEASES
| MUST KNOW | SHOULD KNOW | GOOD TO KNOW |
| ♦ Epidermolysis Bullosa o Classification, diagnosis ♦ EB simplex: o Molecular pathology o Clinical features o Diagnosis, d/d o Management
♦ Junctional EB: o Molecular pathology o Clinical features o Diagnosis, d/d o Management ♦ Dystrophic EB: o Molecular pathology o Clinical features o Diagnosis, d/d o Management
♦ Hailey-hailey disease: o Etiopathogenesis o Clinical features o complications, treatment |
Subtypes
Subtypes
Subtypes
Genetics |
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IMMUNOLOGICAL Blistering DISORDERS
a) Intra-epidermal blistering
Must know | Should know | Good to know |
♦ Structure and functioning of Desmosome & Hemi desmosome ♦ Dermo - epidermal ♦ Pemphigus: o etiopathogenesis, o immuno - pathology, o genetics, o clinical features, o diagnosis (differential), o Management, o prognosis ♦ P. Vulgaris: as above ♦ P. Vegetans: as above ♦ P. Foliaceus: as above ♦ P. Erythematosus: as above Paraneoplastic pemphigus: as above | Molecular functional anatomy Molecular functional anatomy |
b) Sub-epidermal blistering
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Bullous Pemphigoid: o etiopathogenesis, o immuno - pathology, o genetics, o clinical features, o diagnosis (differential), o Management, ♦ oprognosis ♦ Cicatricial Pemphigoid: as above ♦ Pemphigoid (Herpes) gestationis: as above ♦ Linear IgA Immuno- bullous disease: as above ♦ Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita: as above ♦ Bullous SLE: as above Dermatitis ♦ Herpetiformis: as above |
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Must know | Should know | Good to know |
♦ Sub-corneal Pustular Dermatosis ♦ Acantholytic dermatoses: transient & persistent | ♦ Bullae in renal disease ♦ Diabetic bullae |
LICHEN PLANUS & LICHENOID DISORDERS
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Lichen Planus & Lichenoid Disorders: o etiopathogenesis, o clinical Definition, o features, o variants, o Differential diagnosis, o histology, o complications, o associations, o Treatment, o prognosis, ♦ Lichenoid reactions, ♦ Drug induced LP ♦ Lichen nitidus ♦ Concept of Ashy dermatosis and lichen planus pigmentosus |
♦ GVHD ♦ Bullous LP & LP pemphigoides ♦ LP- Psoriasis overlap |
♦ Nekam's disease |
DISORDERS OF THE SEBACEOUS GLANDS
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Sebaceous Gland o Structure, o Function o distribution o Functn of sebum o Composition & biosynthesis of sebum ♦ Acne Vulgaris o definition o etiology o Clinical features o factors affecting o (differential) diagnosis o Management ♦ Acne variants o acne excoriee, o acneiform eruptions, o cosmetic, o occupational, o chloracne, o acne conglobata, o pyoderma faciale, o acne fulminans, o G-ve folliculitis o Steroid acne o Drug induced acne o Adult onset acne ♦ Seborrhea Ectopic sebaceous glands |
o Histochemistry & ultrastructure o Development o Endocrine control of sebaceous gland o Associations of acne ♦ Sebaceous gland tumors o Classification o Sebaceous cyst |
o Measurement of sebaceous activity & sebum production |
DISORDERS OF SWEAT GLANDS
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Sweat Gland (Eccrine) o Anatomy & Physiology
♦ Hyperhidrosis o generalized o PalmoPlantar & Axillary o Asymmetrical o Gustatory ♦ An/Hypo - hidrosis o Definition, o Etiopathogenesis, o Classification ♦ Miliaria o Etio- pathogenesis, o Clinical features, o Variants/types, o Management ♦ Apocrine sweat glands o Chromhidrosis, o Bromhidrosis o Fox-Fordyce disease | ♦ Naevus sudoriferous ♦ Compensatory hyperhidrosis
o Associations o Heat stress |
o Granulosis rubra nasi o Diseases associated with abnormal sweat gland histology o Fish odour syndrome o Hematohidrosis |
DISORDERS OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Cutaneous atrophy o Causes / classification, o Generalized cutn. atrophy o Striae ♦ Localized cutaneous o atrophy o Atrophoderma o Anetoderma o Facial hemiatrophy o Poikiloderma ♦ Disorders of Elastin o Lax skin o Elastotic striae ♦ Pseudo Xanthoma Elasticum o Definition o Etio - pathology o Clinical features, o Diagnosis (differential) o Management Actinic elastosis o Etio- pathogenesis o Clinical features, o Diagnosis (differential) o Management Marfan syndrome— o Etio - pathogenesis, o Clinical features ♦ Ehlers – Danlos syndrome Types/ Classification, Dupuytren's contracture ♦ Knuckle pads Keloid V/s Hypertrophic scars |
o local panatrophy
o Plantar fibromatosis ♦ Osteogenesis imperfecta ♦ Pachydermoperiostosis ♦ Relapsing polychondritis ♦Peyronie's disease | o Achenbach's syndrome
o Chronic atrophic acrodermatitis
o Linear focal elastosis ♦ Actinic granuloma o Clinical features ♦ Elastofibroma ♦ Elastoderma ♦ Prolidase deficiency |
PREMATURE AGEING SYNDROMES
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Pangeria ♦ Progeria ♦ Acrogeria ♦ Perforating dermatoses: o Types/classification, o Clinical features, o (Etio.) pathology, o Management ♦ Colloid milium | ♦ Congenital progeroid syndrome ♦ Diabetic thick skin ♦ Ainhum & pseudo- ainhum |
♦ leprechaunism |
DISORDERS OF BLOOD VESSELS
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Erythemas
♦ Diffuse erythematous eruptions ♦ Annular erythemas o Types, o Etio - pathology, o Clinical features, o Diagnosis (differential) o Management ♦ Telangiectasias o primary & secondary o etio(pathology) ♦ Erythema multiforme: o Etio- pathogenesis, o Clinical features, o Diagnosis (differential), o Management ♦ Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis o Etio - pathogenesis, o Clinical features, o Differential diagnosis, o Management & prognosis | o Functional anatomy of Cutn. blood vessels
♦Well's syndrome o (Etio) pathology, o Clinical features o Management
♦ Ataxia-Telengectasia | o Assessment of Cutn. blood vessels o Capillary microscopy |
FLUSHING & FLUSHING SYNDROMES, ROSACEA, PERIORAL DERMATITIS
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Flushing o Definition o Etio-pathogenesis, ♦ Flushing syndromes o Classification ♦ Rosacea o Definition o Etio-pathology, o Clinical features, o Diagnosis (differential), o Management ♦ Perioral dermatitis— o Etio-pathology, o Clinical features, o Diagnosis (differential), o Management & prognosis |
♦ Carcinoid syndrome— o Etiopathogenesis, o Management |
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URTICARIAS, ANGIOEDEMA, and MASTOCYTOSIS
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Urticaria: Definition o Classification o Etio – pathogenesis o Provoking factors o Clinical features, ♦ Chronic urticarias o Definition, o Classification ♦ Mastocytosis ♦ classification ♦ clinical features ♦ histopathology ♦ investigations ♦ management ♦ Urticarial vasculitis o Definition, o Etiopathogenesis, o Clinical features, o Management ♦ Angioedema o Classification o Etio-pathogenesis o Management & prognosis | ♦ Physical o Classification, ♦ Cholinergic urticaria ♦ Cold urticaria ♦ Contact urticaria ♦ Aquagenic ♦ Solar ♦ Autoimmune urticaria ♦ Hereditary angioedema ♦ Etiopathogenesis of mastocytosis |
♦Omalizumab |
YSTEMIC DISEASES AND SKIN
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| Endocrine disorders o Cushings disease o Adrenal insufficiency o Hyper and hypothyroidism Cutaneous markers of internal malignancy o Paraneoplastic syndromes o Migratory erythemas GI Tract o Crohn's disease o Ulcerative colitis o Celiac disease Liver diseases o Hepatitis o Dermatosis associated with liver diseases Pancreatic diseases Renal disease o Dermatosis associated with renal failure and dialysis Hematological o Anemia o DIC o Antiphospholipid syndrome Annular and figurate reactive erythemas |
Skin complications of stones
Hemochromatosis
o Subcutaneous fat necrosis o Migratory thrombophlebitis o Necrolytic migratory erythema | o Hyper and hypopituitarism o Parathyroid o Multiple endocrinopathies syndrome o Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome
Dermatosis associated with esophagus and stomach disorders Bowel associated dermatitis arthritis syndrome Intestinal polyposis
o Other pancreatic tumours and glucagonoma syndrome
o Renocutaneous syndromes
Cardiac disease and respiratory disease Lymphoma, leukemia Skin disorders associated with bony abnormality |
PURPURA
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Purpuras: o Classification, diagnosis
♦ Anaphylactoid purpura (HSP)-- definition, o Etio-pathogenesis, o Clinical features, o Differential diagnoses, o Management ♦ Capillaritis (pigmented purpuric dermatoses) o Schamberg's o Pigmented purpuric lichenoid dermatosis of Gougerot & Blum o Lichen aureus o Gravitational purpura |
♦Thrombocytopenic purpuras o I.T. Purpura ♦ Senile purpura ♦ Toxic purpura ♦ Itching purpura ♦ Majocchi's ds ♦ Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation |
♦ Painful bruising syndrome ♦ Purpura simplex ♦ Neonatal purpura |
CUTANEOUS VASCULITIS
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Cutaneous Vasculitis o Classification c/f ♦ Erythema elevatum diutinum ♦ Paniculitides ♦ Poly Arteritis Nodosa ♦ Hypersensitivity angiitis Vascular lesions of rheumatoid diseases o Etio, path o Investigations ♦ Leucocytoclastic angitis o Definition, o Etio-pathogenesis, o Clinical features, o Management ♦ Henoch Schonlein Purpura o Definition, o Etio-pathogenesis, o Clinical features, o Management ♦ Pyoderma gangrenosum— o Definition, o Etio-pathogenesis, o Clinical features, o Management ♦ Purpura fulminans— o Definition, o Etio-pathogenesis, o Clinical features, o Management ♦ Sweet`s syndrome o Definition, o Etio-pathogenesis, o Clinical features, Management ♦ Erythema nodosum— o Definition, o Etio-pathogenesis, o Clinical features, o Management ♦ Erythema induratum— o Definition, o Etio-pathogenesis, o Clinical features, o Management ♦ Wegener's granulomatosis o Definition, o Etio-pathogenesis, o Clinical features, o Management | ♦ Granuloma faciale ♦ Degos` disease ♦ Giant cell arteritis |
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DISEASES OF VEINS & ARTERIES: LEG ULCERS
Must know | Should know | Good to know |
♦ Signs & symptoms of arterial diseases ♦ Investigations ♦ Erythromelalgia ♦ Veins o Functional anatomy, o pathology ♦ Atrophie- blanche ♦ Thrombophlebitis migrans ♦ Venous thrombosis ♦ Oedema ♦ Varicose veins ♦ Post phlebitic syndr ♦ Causes of leg ulcers ♦ Venous ulcer-- management | ♦ Atherosclerosis o Prognosis & management ♦ Thromboangiitis obliterans | ♦ Ischaemic ulcer |
DISORDER OF LYMPHATIC VESSELS
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Lymphangiogenesis ♦ Functional Anatomy of skin lymphatics ♦ Identification of skin lymphatics ♦ Lymph transport ♦ Immune function ♦ Oedema/Lymphoedema o Epidemiology o Pathophysiology o Aetiology and classification o Clinical features and diagnosis o Complication o Investigation D/d of the swollen limbs Management of lymphoedema o Physical therapy o Drug therapy o Surgery o Provision of care Congenital lymphatic malformation Lymphangioma cirucmscriptum Diffuse lymphangioma Cystic hygroma Acquired lymphatic malformation Acquired lymphangioma Lymphangitis Kaposi sarcoma |
♦ Primary lymphoedemas ♦ Inherited form ♦ Other genetic form ♦ Congenital non hereditary forms of lymphoedema ♦ Clinical patterns of pri.lymphoedema ♦ Sec. Lymphoedema ♦ Midline lymphoedema ♦ lymphangioma ♦ lymphangiomatosis ♦ lymphangiomyomatosis ♦ recurrent acute inflammatory episode ♦ Lymphangiothrombosis ♦ Carcinoma erysipeloides | ♦ lymphatic tumor o acquired progressive o lymphangiosarcoma o Chylous sarcoma
o seroma |
HISTIOCYTOSIS
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Ontogeny & Function of histiocytosis ♦ Classification of histiocytosis ♦ Langerhans cell histiocytosis ♦ Class lla histiocytosis ♦ Dermatofibroma ♦ Juvenile xanthogranuloma ♦ Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis ♦ Generalized eruptive histiocytoma ♦ Papular xanthoma ♦ Progressive nodular histiocytosis ♦ Xanthoma disseminatum ♦ Class llb histiocytosis ♦ Diffuse plane xanthomatosis ♦ Familial haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis ♦ Malakoplakia ♦ Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma ♦ Sinus histiocytosis with ♦ massive lymphadenopathy | ♦ Malignant histiocytosis ♦ Monocytic leukaemia ♦ True histiocytic lymphoma | ♦ Benign cephalic histiocytosis ♦ Erdheim chester disease ♦ Fat storing hemartoma of dermal dendrocytes ♦ Familial sea blue histiocytosis ♦ Hereditary progressive mucinous histiocytosis ♦ Virus associated haemophagocytic syndrome |
SOFT TISSUE TUMOURS AND TUMOURS LIKE CONDITIONS
Must know | Should know | Good to know |
♦ Vascular tumours: o Classification Pyogenic granuloma o Kaposi sarcoma o Angiosarcoma o Glomus tumour ♦ Peripheral neuroectodermal tumours o Schwannoma oSolitary neurofibroma oPlexiform neurofibroma o Diffuse neurofibroma ♦ Tumours of muscle ♦ Skeletal muscle tumours ♦ Tumours of uncertain histogenesis ♦ Tumours of fat cell ♦ Osteoma cutis ♦ Cutaneous calculus o Leiomyoma o Leiomyosarcoma o Rhabdomyoma o Cutaneous Rhabdomyosarcoma | ♦ Fibrous and myofibroblastic tumors: o Classification o Nodular fasciitis oFibrohistiocytic tumor o Giant cell tumour of tendon sheath o Fibrous histiocytoma o Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma o Plexiform fibrous histiocytoma o Atypical fibroxanthoma o Malignant fibrous histiocytoma oGlomeruloid hemangioma o Epitheloid hemangioma o Sinusoidal hemangioma o Dermal nerve sheath myxoma o Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour o Congenital smooth muscle hamartoma | o Fibrous papule of face o Pleomorphic fibroma o Acquired digital fibrokeratoma o Fibro osseous pseudotumour o Ischemic fasciitis o Fibrous hamartoma of infancy o Calcifying fibrous tumour o Calcifying aponeurotic fibroma o Inclusion body fibromatosis o Fibroma of tendon sheath o Collagenous fibroma o Nuchal fibroma o Myxofibrosarcoma o Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma |
CUTANEOUS LYMPHOMAS AND LYMPHOCYTIC INFILTRATES
A) PRIMARY CUTANEOUS T CELL LYMPHOMA
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Mycosis Fungoides (MF) ♦ Follicular mucinosis ♦ Pagetoid reticulosis ♦ Granulomatous slack skin ♦ Sezary's syndrome ♦ Lymphomatoid papulosis ♦ Primary cutaneous CD30+ large cell lymphoma CD30+ large cell cutaneous lymphoma with regional nodal involvement | ♦ Epidermotropic CD8+ cytotoxic lymphoma ♦ Large cell CD 30- cutaneous lymphoma ♦ Pleomorphic CD30- cutaneous lymphoma | ♦ CD30+cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorder ♦ Regressing CD30+large cell cutaneous ltmphoma Secondary cutaneous CD30+anaplastic large cell lymphoma |
B) SECONDARY CUTANEOUS LYMPHOMA
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Subcutaneous panniculitis like T cell lymphoma ♦ Adult T cell leukaemia lymphoma ♦ Primary cutaneous B cell lymphoma ♦ Follicle centre cell lymphoma ♦ Leukaemia cutis ♦ Cutaneous Hodgkin s disease | ♦ Extra nodal NK cell lymphoma ♦ Blastic NK cell lymphoma | Lennert's lymphoma |
C) PRIMARY CUTANEOUS B CELL LYMPHOMAS
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
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| ♦ Follicle centre cell lymphoma Cutaneous plasmacytoma | ♦ Marginal zone lymphoma ♦ Large B cell lymphoma |
D) PSEUDOLYMPHOMAS
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Parapsoriasis ♦ Actinic reticuloid ♦ Lymphocytoma cutis Jessner's lymphocytic infiltrate |
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SUBCUTANEOUS FAT
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Obesity ♦ General pathology of adipose tissue ♦ Panniculitis o Septal panniculitis o Lobular paniculitis o Mixed panniculitis o Panniculitis with vasculitis ♦ Lipodystrophy ♦ Localized lipoatrophy ♦ Partial or generalized lipoatrophy ♦ Lipoma ♦ Angiolipoma | o Cellulite o Frontalis associated lipoma o Hibernoma o Lipomatosis |
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THE CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Lupus erythematosus o Discoid lupus erythematosus o Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus o Systemic lupus erythematosus o Neonatal lupus erythematosus o The lupus anticoagulant, anti cardiolipin antibodies, and the antiphospholipid syndrome ♦ Scleroderma o Localized morphea o Gen. Morphea o Pseudoscleroderma o Occupational scleroderma o Iatrogenic scleroderma o Graft –versus –host disease o Eosinophilic fasciitis o Systemic sclerosis ♦ Mixed connective tissue disease ♦ Cold, flexed finger ♦ Lichen sclerosus ♦ Scleroedema ♦Dermatomyositis ♦ Sjogren syndrome Rheumatic fever | ♦ Dermatological manifestation of rheumatoid disease ♦ Still`s disease |
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NUTRITIONAL AND METABOLIC DISEASES
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ The cutaneous porphyrias o Etiopathogenesis o laboratory testing in porphyria o Clinical features o The individual porphyrias o Porphyrias which cause cutaneous disease o Porphrias which cause cutaneous disease and acute attack ♦ Mucinoses o Classification of the cutaneous mucinoses o Lichen myxoedematous ♦ Amyloid and the amyloidoses of the skin o Primary localized cutn. Amyloidosis o Sec. Localized cutn. Amyloidosis o Systemic amyloidosis o Primary and myeloma associated cutn. Amyloidosis o Sec. Systemic amyloidosis ♦ Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum ♦ Xanthomas and abnormalities of lipid metabolism and storage ♦ Lipid metabolism o Genetic primary Hyperlipidemias o Lipid storage disease ♦ Nutrition and the skin o Malabsorption o Vitamins ♦ Kwashiorkor and marasmus ♦ Calcification and ossification of the skin ♦ Iron metabolism ♦ Skin disorders in diabetes mellitus ♦ Granuloma annulare ♦ Necrobiosis lipoidica ♦ Granuloma multiforme | o Reticular erythematous mucinosis o Self healing juvenile cutaneous mucinosis o Cutaneous mucinosis of infancy o Papulonodular mucinosis associated with S.L.E. o Cutaneous focal mucinosis o Acral persistent papular mucinosis o Mucinosis naevus o Follicular mucinosis o Secondary mucinoses o Mucopolysaccharidoses o Mucolipidoses o Dialysis related amyloidosis o Inherited systemic amyloidosis o Gaucher's disease o Niemann Pick disease
| o Cutaneous mucinosis in the toxic oil syndrome G.K o Neutral lipid storage disease o Farbers disease ♦ Disorders of aminoacid metabolism o Hyperphenylala ninaemia syndrome o Tyrosinemia o Alkaptonuria o Homocysteinuria s o Hartnup disease |
SARCOIDOSIS
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Sarcoidosis o Definition o Epidemiology o Aetiology o Histopathology o Immunological aspects ♦ General manifestations of sarcoidosis ♦ Staging of the disease ♦ Systemic features ♦ Sarcoidosis of the skin ♦ Management o Investigation o Biopsy o Kveim test o Other investigation o Treatment o Topical therapy Systemic therapy |
♦ Unusual and atypical forms ♦ Associated disease ♦ Course and prognosis ♦ Other sarcoidal reaction o Infection o Foreign material o Crohn's disease o Whipple's disease o Farmer's lung o Other condition |
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THE SKIN AND THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Skin innervations o Sensory innervations o Autonomic nervous system o Wound healing and the trophic effects ♦ Postherpetic neuralgia o Pathophysiology of pain o Prevention of P.H.N. o Management of P.H.N. ♦ Neuropathic ulcer ♦ Peripheral neuropathy ♦ HIV neuropathy ♦ Syringomyelia ♦ Tabes dorsalis ♦ Spinal dysraphism ♦Spinal cord injury | ♦ Neuroimmunology ♦ Neurophysiological testing for skin innervations ♦ Disorders associated with autonomic abnormalities ♦ Hereditary sensory autonomic neuropathy ♦ Horner syndrome ♦ Gustatory hyperhidrosis ♦ Chronic skin pain ♦ Notalgia paresthetica ♦ Brachioradial pruritus ♦ Skin ache syndrome ♦ Burning feet syndrome | ♦ Trigeminal trophic syndrome ♦ Peripheral injury ♦ Restless leg syndrome |
PSYCHOCUTANEOUS DISORDERS
Must know | Should know | Good to know |
♦ Introduction ♦ Emotional factors in diseases of the skin ♦ Psychological importance of skin ♦ Disability and quality of life ♦ Classification ♦ Delusions of parasitosis ♦ Cutaneous phobias ♦ Anorexia nervosa and bulimia ♦ Self inflicted and simulated skin disease o Lichen simplex and neurodermatitis o Acne excoriee o Trichotillomania ♦ Factitious skin disease o Malingering ♦ Cutaneous disease and alcohol misuse ♦ AIDS, HIV infection and Psychological illness ♦ Suicide in dermatological patients o Treatment | ♦ Body image ♦ Delusions of smell ♦ Body dysmorphic disorder ♦ Epidemic hysteria syndrome and occupational mass psychogenic illness ♦ Sick building syndrome ♦ Psychogenic excoriation ♦ Psychogenic pruritus ♦ Onycotillomania and onychophagia o Psychogenic purpura o Dermatitis simulate o Dermatitis passivata o Munchausen's syndrome o Munchausen's syndrome by proxy o Self-mutilation o Psychotropic drugs | ♦ Psychoneuroimmunology o Mind-body efferent immune interaction o Body- Mind afferent immune reactions o Habituation to dressings o Dermatological pathomimicry o Hypnosis o Misc. therapies o Skin disease in patients with learning disability |
DISORDERS OF NAILS
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Anatomy and biology of nail unit o Structure & Development and comparative anatomy o Blood supply o Nail growth ♦ Nail signs and systemic disease o Abnormalities of shape o Changes in nail surface o Changes in colour ♦ Development abnormalities ♦ Infections- nail and nail folds ♦ Dermatoses of nails ♦ Nail surgery o Patterns of nail biopsy o Lateral matrix phenolization ♦ Traumatic nail disorders o Acute trauma o Chronic repetitive trauma o The nail and cosmetics | o Nails in childhood and old age o Abnormalities of nail attachment
♦ Tumours under or adjacent to the nail o Benign tumours o Other bone tumours o Vascular tumours o Myxoid cyst o Squamous cell carcinoma o Epithelioma cuniculatum o Keratoacanthoma o Melanocytic lesions o Other surgical modalities |
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DISORDERS OF HAIR
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Anatomy and physiology o Development and distribution of hair follicles o Anatomy of hair follicle o Hair cycle and hormonal control ♦ Alopecia o Common baldness and androgenetic alopecia o Alopecia areata o Acquired cicatricial alopecia o Infections o Scaling disorders ♦ Excessive growth of hair o Hirsutism ♦ Variation in Hair o pigmentation | o Types of hair o Disturbance of hair cycle/shaft o Developmental defects and hereditary disorders o Congenital alopecia and hypotrichosis o Hypertrichosis o Shampoos o Conditioners o Cosmetic hair colouring o Permanent waving o Hair straightening (relaxing) o Hair setting o Complication | o Alopecia in central nervous system disorders o Other abnormalities of shaft |
THE SKIN AND THE EYES
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Anatomy and physiology of the eye ♦ Chronic blepharitis, rosacea, and seborrhoeic dermatitis o Immunopathogenisis o Treatment ♦ Atopy and atopic eye disease ♦ Cicatrizing conjunctivitis and the immunobullous disorders o Erythema multiforme major and toxic epidermal necrolysis ♦ Systemic disease with skin and eye involvement ♦ Ocular complications of dermatological therapy | o The eyebrows o The eyelids o The lacrimal glands o The pre-corneal tear film ♦ Disorders affecting the eyebrows and eyelashes ♦ Infections o Viral infections o Bacterial infection o Parasitic infection ♦ Inherited disorder ♦ Tumors o Benign and malignant tumors of eyelids |
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EXTERNAL EAR
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Dermatoses and external ear ♦ Systemic disease and the external ear | ♦ Anatomy and physiology ♦ Examination ♦ Developmental defects ♦ Traumatic conditions | ♦ Ageing changes ♦ Tumors of pinna and external auditory canal |
THE ORAL CAVITY AND LIPS
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Biology of the mouth ♦ Immunity in the oral cavity o Examination of the mouth and perioral region ♦ Disorders affecting the oral mucosa or lips ♦ Genetic and acquired disorders affecting the oral mucosa or lips o White or whitish lesions o Pigmented lesions o Red lesions o Vesicoerosive disorders o Lumps and swellings o Various orocutaneous syndromes ♦ Oral manifestations of systemic diseases ♦ Acquired lip lesions o Cheilitis o Lupus erythematosus o Sarcoidosis | ♦ Disorders affecting the teeth and skin o Ectodermal dysplasia ♦ Disorders affecting the periodontium o Gingival disorders affecting the periodontium o Genetic disorders affecting the peridontium o Acquired disorders affecting the peridontium |
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THE BREAST
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Gynaecomastia o Physiological o In endocrine disorders o In nutritional, metabolic, renal and hepatic disease o Drug-induced ♦ Morphea ♦ Silicone breast implant and autoimmune disease ♦ Cracked nipple in lactation ♦ Lupus panniculitis ♦ Sarcodosis of breast ♦ Sebaceous hyperplasia of areolae ♦ Breast abscess ♦ Basal cell carcinoma of nipple ♦ Seborrhoeic wart ♦ Mondor's disease | ♦ Breast hypertrophy ♦ Gigantomastia Management of gynaecomastia ♦ Hypomastia ♦ Rudimentary nipples ♦ Adnexal polyp of neonatal skin ♦ Inverted nipple ♦ Hyperkeratosis of nipple and areola ♦ Jogger's and cyclist's nipples ♦ Nipple piercings ♦ Artefactual breast disease ♦ Vasculitis of the breast ♦ Erosive adenomatosis of nipple ♦ Breast telangiectasia | ♦ Supernumerary breast or nipples |
THE GENITAL, PERIANAL AND UMBILICAL REGIONS
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ General approach ♦ Genitocrural dermatology o Inflammatory o Infections ♦ Male genital dermatology o Structure and function o Trauma and artifact o Inflammatory dermatoses o Non-sexually transmitted infections o Precancerous dermatoses o Squamous carcinoma ♦ Female genital dermatology o Structure and function o Trauma and artifact o Inflammatory dermatoses o Ulcerative and bullous disorders o Non-sexually transmitted infections o Benign tumours and tumor-like lesions of vulva o Precancerous dermatoses ♦ Perineal and perianal dermatology o Structure and function o Infections | o Congenital and developmental abnormalities of male and female genitalia o Other malignant neoplasms o Vulval malignancy o Benign tumours o Premalignant dermatoses and frank malignancies |
♦ Umbilical dermatology o Structure and function o Congenital and developmental abnormalities o Trauma and artifact o Inflammatory dermatoses |
GENERAL ASPECTS OF TREATMENT
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ General measures in treatment like explanation, avoidance of aggravating factors, regimen, role of diet, food metabolites and toxins ♦ Topical therapy -Cosmetic -camouflage ♦ Dressings ♦ Systemic drug therapy ♦ Gene therapy | ♦ Emergency treatment of anaphylaxis ♦ Treatment for anxiety and depressive states in dermatology ♦ Medicolegal aspects of dermatology | ♦ Alternative therapies like - Physiotherapy - Acupuncture - Biofeedback techniques - Behaviour therapy - Heliotherapy - Actinotherapy - Climatotherapy - Homeopathy |
DRUG REACTIONS
Must know | Should know | Good to know | |
♦ Classification and mechanism ♦ Histopathology ♦ Types of clinical reaction o Exanthematous, o purpuric, o pityriasis rosea like, o psoriasiform, o exfoliative dermatitis, o anaphylaxis, o urticaria, o drug hypersensitivity syndrome, o fixed drug eruptions, o lichenoid eruptions, o photosensitivity, o pigmentation, o acneform eruption, o bullous eruptions, o vasculitis, o LE like, DM like, scleroderma like o erythema nodosum, o anticonvulsant hypersensitivity, o hair and nail changes ♦ Management of drug reactions - Diagnosis - Treatment | ♦ Incidence | ||
♦ Annular erythemas ♦ Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis ♦ Serum sickness ♦ Eczematous ♦ Acanthosis nigricans ♦Erythromelagia | |||
ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME, STEVENS JOHNSON SYNDROME, TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis: - Etiology - Predisposition in HIV - Pathology - SCORTEN - Diagnosis - Treatment - Prevention | ♦ Incidence |
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RADIOTHERAPY AND REACTIONS OF IONIZING RADIATION
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Indications - Acute - Chronic ♦ Radiodermatitis | ♦ Role in benign diseases like psoriasis, keloids | ♦ Role in malignant diseases ♦ Radiation induced tumors |
LASERS
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Basic principles ♦ Laser safety ♦ Target tissues ♦ Main types of lasers -Enumeration - Wavelengths Indications | ♦ Laser ablation ♦ Resurfacing ♦ Non-ablative skin remodeling |
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RACIAL INFLUENCES ON SKIN DISEASES
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Classification of races and their main characteristics | ♦ Racial variations in pigmentation, hair, and cutaneous appendages ♦ Diseases with distinct racial or ethnic predisposition | ♦ Racial variation in common diseases |
THE AGES OF MAN AND THEIR DERMATOSIS
| ♦ Somatic growth ♦ Sexual development and its effect on skin, especially sebaceous activity ♦ Puberty associated hormonal events and cutaneous changes ♦ Enumeration of puberty dermatosis and their clinical features ♦ Cutaneous changes with menstrual cycle ♦ Physiological changes related to pregnancy ♦ Vascular changes ♦ Pregnancy dermatoses - Pruritus gravidarum - Pemphigoid gestationis - Pruritiuc urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy - Prurigo of pregnancy - Pruritic folliculitis |
♦ Premature and delayed puberty - causes and presentation ♦ Disorders of menopause ♦ Aging skin -Concept of Geriatric patients & physiological changes in ageing skin -Polypharmacy -Management of late onset Vitiligo,Psoriasis. -Skin disorders associated with aging
♦ Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis | ♦ Enumeration and identification of common syndromes with short stature |
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SYSTEMIC THERAPY
Must know | Should know | Good to know |
♦ Systemic steroids ♦ Antihistamines ♦ Retinoids ♦ Cyclophosphamide ♦ Methotrexate ♦ Mycophenolate mofetil ♦ Cyclosporin ♦ PUVA ♦ Intravenous immunoglobulin ♦ Penicillamine ♦ Antibiotics ♦ Antitubecular drugs ♦ Antileprosy drugs ♦ Antifungal drugs ♦ Antiviral drugs - Acyclovir and its congeners ♦ Anti-retroviral drugs ♦ Ivermectin ♦ Drugs of peripheral circulation - Pentoxyphyllin - Calcium channel blockers - Sildenafil citrate - ACE-inhibitors and antagonists ♦ Antimalarials ♦ Thalidomide ♦ Colchicine | ♦ Hormonal preparations ♦ NSAIDs ♦ Cytokines ♦ Interferons ♦ Essential fatty acids ♦ Bleomycin ♦ Fumaric acid esters ♦ Photopharesis ♦ Plasmapheresis ♦ Other anti-retroviral ♦ Dethylcarbamazine ♦ Sulfasalazine | ♦ Interleukins ♦ Chlorambucil ♦ Dacarbazine ♦ Hydroxyuria ♦ Melphelan ♦ Gold ♦ Other antiviral drugs like Vidarabine, Idoxuridine ♦ Recent advances in therapeutics |
TOPICAL THERAPY
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ General principles - Choice of vehicle - Frequency and mode of application - Quantity to be applied ♦ Various formulation - Enumeration with main characteristics - Enumeration of vehicle components ♦ Anti-perspirants ♦ Topical antibiotics - Fusidic acid - Mupirocin - Clindamycin - Silver sulfadiazine - Metronidazole ♦ Antifungals - Allyamines - Imidazoles - Ciclopirox olamine - Morpholines ♦ Antiparasitic agents - Pyrethroids - Malathion - Benzyl benzoate ♦ Antiviral agents - Acyclovir ♦ Astringents - Potassium permanganate - Aluminium acetate - Silver nitrate ♦ Corticosteroids - Mechanism - Side effects (local and systemic) - Classification - Intralesional steroids - Indications ♦ Cytotoxic and antineoplastic agents - Imiquimod - Podophyllin andpodophyllotoxin ♦ Depigmenting agents - Hydroquinone - Retinoic acid - Kligman cream - Azelaic acid - Kojic acid ♦ Emollients ♦ Immunomodulators - Tacrolimus - Pimecrolimus ♦ Retinoids - Retinoic acid - Adapalene - Tazarotene ♦ Miscellaneous - Dithranol - Sunscreen - Tars - Vit D analogue - Minoxidil - Imiquimod - Podophyllin andpodophyllotoxin ♦ Depigmenting agents - Hydroquinone - Retinoic acid - Kligman cream - Azelaic acid - Kojic acid ♦ Emollients ♦ Immunomodulators - Tacrolimus - Pimecrolimus ♦ Retinoids - Retinoic acid - Adapalene - Tazarotene ♦ Miscellaneous - Dithranol - Sunscreen - Tars - Vit D analogue - Minoxidil | -- Erythromycin - Polyenes - Bleomycin - 5-flurouracil - Cyclocsporin - Bexarotene - Depilators - Contact sensitizers - Capsaicin | - Bacitracin - Gentamicin - Polymyxin B - Tetracyclines - Tolnaftate - Undecylenic acid - Pencyclovir - Idoxuridine - Mechlorethamine - T4 endonuclease V - Camphor - Menthol - Dyes |
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF DERMATOSURGERY
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ RSTL ♦ Instruments used in dermatosurgery ♦ Methods of sterilization ♦ Suture materials: o Classification, o Suture size, o Type and size of needle ♦ Types of suturing: o simple interrupted, o mattress, vertical & horizontal o Intradermal buried, o S.C. buried, o Running subcuticular, o Figure of 8 ♦ Suture removal ♦ Preoperative workup: o medication, o part preparation o relevant investigation ♦ Types of local anesthesia: o Topical/surface, o infiltration, o tumescent, o field blocks, o nerve block ♦ Types of Anesthetic agents ♦ Waste segregation & disposal ♦ Patient counseling, psychological assessment and consent ♦ Emergencies and their management in dermatosurgery (vasovagal reaction, anaphylaxis, haemorrhage) | ♦ Types of wound healing ♦ Wound management | o Tissue glues, staples, wound closure tapes, |
STANDARD DERMATOSURGICAL PROCEDURES
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Electrosurgery: o Types (Electro- fulguration, -section, - cautery, etc.) o Indications ♦ Curettage: o Indications, o Techniques: combination with E.C. ♦ Intralesional steroid therapy: o Indications o Dosage ♦ Chemical cautery: o Use of Agents (TCA, Phenol) o Indications ♦ Cryosurgery: o Mech. Of action, o Cryogens and their properties, o Techniques – dip stick, spray, probe, o Indications ♦ Excision Bx ♦ Epidermal cyst excision – Indication and technique ♦ Corn enucleation | o Physics: basic principles
♦ Radiofrequency surgery: o Physics, circuitry, o Techniques, o Types, o Indications o Agents other than TCA, Phenol | Intralesional sclerotherapy |
| Must know | Should know | Good to know |
| ♦ Dermabrasion: o Preoperative work up, o instruments used, o indications, o Techniques o Post-op care ♦ Vitiligo surgery & skin grafting: o Punch graft, o Suction blister graft, o ideal donor sites/sites to be avoided o types of post operative dressing ♦ Nail surgery : o Intra matrix injection, o Nail matrix Bx, o Nail unit Bx o Partial & complete nail avulsion ♦ Hair restoration surgery o Principles o Types o Indications ♦ Lasers ♦ Dermal fillers –type and indications ♦ Iontophoresis: o Mechanism, indications, contra-Indications o Procedures ♦ Eletroepilation: o Indications o Contraindications, o Types - electrolysis, thermolysis | o Facial cosmetic units o Microdermabrasion ♦ Mechanism of action, ♦ Indications/Limitations
o Split-thickness graft o Tattooing
♦ Chemical peel: o Classification/types (AHA, BHA, others), o Combination peels ♦ Scar revision – techniques
♦ Male genitalia – o dorsal slit
♦ Botunimum toxin: o Pharmacology& mechanism of action, o Indications, o contra indications, o available preparation | ♦ Instrument use, ♦ procedure, ♦ complication
o Noncultured Melanocyte- keratinocyte transfer technique
Keloid: debulking o Methodology o Pre- & Post-op care
o Circumcision
♦ Tissue Augmentation: o Principles o Materials o Techniques
♦ Ear, nose and body piercing ♦ Ear lobe repair
o storage, o dilution and dosage, o procedure, o complications ♦ Liposuction |
STD CURRICULUM FOR POST GRADUATES
| MUST KNOW | SHOULD KNOW | GOOD TO KNOW |
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Anatomy ♦ Anatomy of male and female genital tract (including blood supply and lymphatic drainage)
Microbiology & Immunology ♦ Normal/abnormal genital flora
Syndromic approach ♦ Etiology, clinical features, and management of the following STI syndromes: Genital ulcer disease Vaginal discharge Urethral discharge Inguinal bubo Scrotal swelling Lower abdominal pain Ophthalmia neonatorum ♦ NACO guidelines for management of various STDs
Viral STDs Genital herpes virus infection (HPG) ♦ Life cycle including latency & reactivation ♦ Clinical presentation Primary episode Non-primary first episode Recurrent episode ♦ Lab diagnosis Specimen collection Cytology (Tzanck) Culture Histopathology Serological diagnosis Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) including PCR & LCR ♦ Treatment Drugs for HSV NACO guidelines for treatment of primary & recurrent episodes in immunocompetent & immunocompromised host. Neonatal herpes simplex infection ♦ Modes of transmission and relation with nature of maternal infection and immunity. ♦ Clinical presentation – asymptomatic, localized, disseminated disease. Human papilloma virus infections (HPV) ♦ Clinical presentation – condyloma acuminata, papular, macular, giant warts (Buschke- Lownestein) etc. ♦ Lab diagnosis Acetowhite test Histopathology ♦ Treatment Treatment options like chemical cauterization, physical modalities and other drugs. NACO guidelines Genital molluscum contagiosum (MC) ♦ Clinical features ♦ Lab diagnosis – Microscopy – HP bodies Pathology (biopsy) ♦ Treatment options for localized and disseminated lesions HIV ♦ Structure & biology of HIV ♦ Modes / risk factors for transmission ♦ Cutaneous manifestation of HIV (infective / non infective) ♦ PEP prophylaxis – indications, source code, exposure code, regimen, monitoring, side effects, adherence ♦ Sentinel surveillance Bacterial STDs Syphilis ♦ Structure of Treponema pallidum ♦ Modes of transmission ♦ Natural history of disease (course of untreated syphilis) ♦ Classification of syphilis ♦ Clinical presentations of primary, secondary, tertiary syphilis ♦ Clinical features of different stages – primary chancre, variants of secondary stage (chancre redux, syphilis de emblee, pseudochancre redux), tertiary syphilis (gumma, other manifestations) ♦ Lab diagnosis – DGI, serological tests (treponemal and non treponemal tests), false positive VDRL / TPHA ♦ Treatment – NACO guidelines ♦ Congenital syphilis – clinical manifestations Chancroid ♦ Morphology of H ducreyi ♦ Clinical features including variants ♦ Lab diagnosis Microscopy Culture Serology ♦ Treatment – NACO guidelines Gonococcal infections ♦ Morphology & biology of N gonorrhoea ♦ Clinical features & complications including acute urethritis, acute & chronic complications, anorectal, pharyngeal and disseminated infection ♦ Lab diagnosis – Specimen collection & transport Microscopy Culture Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) including PCR & LCR ♦ Treatment – NACO guidelines for uncomplicated and complicated gonococcal infections Chlamydia trachomatis infections ♦ Clinical features & complications – entire spectrum of urethritis, cervicitis, proctitis, neonatal conjunctivitis, and related complications. ♦ Lab diagnosis – Specimen collection & transport Microscopy Culture Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) including PCR & LCR ♦ Treatment – NACO guidelines Lymphogranuloma venereum ♦ Clinical features – including different stages and complications ♦ Lab diagnosis – specimen collection cytology culture ♦ Treatment NACO guidelines Surgical Donovanosis ♦ Morphology of organism ♦ Clinical features including clinical variants & complications ♦ Lab diagnosis- specimen collection microscopy histopathology isolation of organism ♦ Treatment NACO guidelines Surgical Bacterial vaginosis (BV) ♦ Epidemiology & risk factors ♦ Pathogenesis including alteration of mucosal microflora and biochemical changes ♦ Clinical features ♦ Lab diagnosis – Amsel's criteria ♦ Treatment – NACO guidelines Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) ♦ Epidemiology & risk factors ♦ Microbiology of PID ♦ Clinical features & complications ♦ Lab diagnosis ♦ Treatment - NACO guidelines Fungi, protozoa & arthropod infections Genital candidal infections (VVC & CBP) ♦ Clinical features VVC in females - uncomplicated and complicated disease CBP in males Candidal hypersensitivity ♦ Lab diagnosis – microscopy and culture ♦ Treatment topical and oral drugs NACO guidelines for uncomplicated & complicated disease (including pregnancy) Trichomonas vaginilis infection ♦ Morphology of T vaginilis ♦ Clinical features ♦ Lab diagnosis microscopy ♦ Treatment - NACO guidelines Genital scabies ♦ Morphology & life cycle of the mite ♦ Epidemiology & transmission ♦ Clinical features – typical and special variants ♦ Lab diagnosis by microscopy ♦ Treatment – Principles and options NACO guidelines Phthiriasis pubis ♦ Morphology & life cycle of the mite ♦ Clinical features ♦ Diagnosis ♦ Treatment – NACO guidelines Miscellaneous | ♦ Role of lactobacilli ♦ Risk factors for transmission of STD ♦ Epidemiology & transmission ♦ Immune response ♦ Complications like aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, radiculomyelopathy dissemination etc. ♦ Lab diagnosis Antigen detection by IF, IP, EIA etc. DNA hybridization based molecular tests ♦ Treatment Parenteral treatment for severe infection Treatment of acyclovir-resistant herpes Treatment of HPG in pregnancy ♦ HIV & genital herpes ♦ Laboratory diagnosis ♦ Treatment ♦ Epidemiology & transmission ♦ Immune response ♦ Lab diagnosis Antigen detection Molecular tests – DNA hybridization, PCR etc ♦Treatment in pregnancy ♦ HPV infection with HIV ♦Morphology of virus ♦ MC in HIV infection ♦ Lab diagnosis of HIV ♦ Disease classification / staging ♦ HAART Classification of ART drugs NACO guidelines on indications, first line regimens, patient monitoring Side effects of ART drugs ♦ Management of HIV in pregnancy – regimen, doses, monitoring, side effects ♦ Prevention of mother to child transmission ♦ National AIDS control programme (NACP) - phases, goals, targets and achievements ♦ History of syphilis – Columbian and environmental theory ♦Pathogenesis of disease ♦ Immune response ♦ Malignant syphilis ♦ Cardiovascular syphilis ♦ Neurosyphilis- different stages ♦ Charcot joints ♦ Lab diagnosis - technique, monitoring & positivity of tests in different stages ♦ Treatment in pregnant patient ♦ Jarisch herxheimer reaction- etiology, clinical features, management ♦ Syphilis & HIV ♦ Congenital syphilis - management ♦ Growth characteristics of H ducreyi ♦ Lab diagnosis Histopathology Molecular techniques like PCR ♦ Chancroid & HIV ♦ Genetic characteristics and strains ♦ Lab diagnosis – Antigen detection tests Serological tests DNA hybridization based molecular tests like PACE etc. ♦ Gonorrhoea in pregnancy ♦ HIV & gonorroea ♦ Drug resistance in gonorrhoea ♦ Morphology & biology of C trachomatis ♦ Lab diagnosis – Antigen detection tests Serological tests DNA hybridization based molecular tests like PACE etc ♦ Epidemiology & transmission ♦ Pathogenesis & pathology ♦ Lab diagnosis – antigen detection serological tests molecular tests like PCR, RFLP ♦ HIV & LGV ♦ Epidemiology & transmission ♦ Pathogenesis & spread of disease ♦ HIV & Donovanosis ♦ Complications ♦ Lab diagnosis – Nugent's criteria ♦ BV in pregnancy ♦ Epidemiology including risk factors ♦ Mycology of albicans and non-albicans candida ♦ Lab diagnosis – newer tests like PCR ♦Treatment of fluconazole resistant C albicans and non- albicans Candidiasis ♦ HIV & genital candidiasis ♦ Lab diagnosis – culture methods, molecular techniques. ♦ Trichomonas infection in pregnancy ♦ Immunity in scabies ♦ Lab diagnosis by newer techniques – epiluminiscence microscopy, PCR ♦ HIV & Scabies ♦ Epidemiology & transmission ♦ Epididymo-orchitis ♦ Dhat syndrome – etiology, clinical features, treatment | ♦ Mucosal immune system in males and females ♦ Bacterial adhesins ♦ Strategies for development of mucosal immune response to control STI ♦ CDC guidelines for management of various STDs ♦ Morphology of virus ♦ Treatment - CDC guidelines ♦ HSV Vaccines ♦ Recent advances in diagnosis and treatment ♦ HPV induced carcinogenesis – high-risk serotypes, mechanism of neoplasia & screening ♦ Treatment - CDC guidelines ♦ HPV vaccines ♦ Recent advances in diagnosis & treatment ♦ Differential diagnosis of MC-like umblicated lesions ♦ Mechanism of depletion of CD4 cells, role of cytokines etc. ♦ HAART ART failure & second line regimens Pediatric ART – dose, regimens, side effects, monitoring Adherence to ART & ART drug resistance ♦ Management of HIV patient in tuberculosis, hepatitis, injection drug abusers ♦ Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) ♦ Indications for CPT prophylaxis & management of opportunistic infections ♦ Kaposi's sarcoma – etiology, clinical variants, treatment modalities ♦ New drugs or approaches to target HIV ♦ Mechanism of motility ♦ Treponemal antigens ♦ Complications of primary and secondary stages ♦ Histopathology in different stages ♦ Treatment CDC guidelines Treatment of penicillin-allergic patients & desensitization ♦ Syphilis vaccines ♦ Endemic syphilis (yaws) - clinical features, diagnosis & treatment ♦ Drug resistance in chancroid ♦ Treatment – CDC guidelines ♦ Treatment – CDC guidelines ♦ Gonococcal vaccines ♦ Recent advances in diagnosis & treatment ♦ Treatment – CDC guidelines ♦ Treatment – CDC guidelines ♦ Treatment – CDC guidelines ♦ Treatment – CDC guidelines ♦ Differential diagnosis of acute pelvic pain ♦ Treatment - CDC guidelines ♦ Treatment - CDC guidelines ♦ Recent advances like newer topical and systemic anti- mycotic drugs (like voriconazole) ♦ Treatment – CDC guidelines ♦Treatment – CDC guidelines ♦Treatment – CDC guidelines ♦ Acute & chronic prostatitis ♦ Chronic pelvic pain syndrome |
LEPROSY CURRICULUM FOR POST GRADUATE
| MUST KNOW | SHOULD KNOW | GOOD TO KNOW |
| ♦ History Epidemiology ♦ Transmission ♦ Recent Status of Leprosy in India ♦ Leprosy control programmes Microbiology & Immunology ♦ Structure of M leprae ♦ Humoral response ♦ Cell mediated immune response ♦ Tests for assessment of CMI ♦ Classification of leprosy ♦ Immunopathological spectrum of leprosy ♦ Ridley Jopling classification ♦ Paucibacillary and multibacillary leprosy Clinical features ♦ Cutaneous ♦ Nerve involvement ♦ Ocular involvement- causes, effects due to infiltration and inflammation and reactions ♦ Involvement of other mucosae ♦ Systemic Involvement in Leprosy-muskuloskeletal, hepatic, renal and reproductive ♦ Variants of leprosy like Neuritic, indeterminate, single skin lesion, lucio, histoid , lazarine Differential diagnosis of: ♦ Hypopigmental macules ♦ Erythematous skin lesions ♦ Nodules ♦ Peripheral nerve thickening ♦ Investigations ♦ Slit skin smear including bacterial index, morphological index ♦ Histopathology of skin according to Ridley Jopling classification ♦ Lepromin test ♦ Clinical tests for sensory, motor and autonomic functions Treatment of leprosy ♦ Conventional drugs- dapsone, rifampicin and clofazamine – meachanism of action, pharmacokinetics and side effects ♦ Standard and alternative regimes ♦ Drug resistance ♦ Investigational drugs ♦ Vaccines in leprosy Reactions in Leprosy ♦ Aetiopathogenesis ♦ Clinical features- cutaneous and systemic ♦ Differentiate between relapse and reversal ♦ Histopathology ♦ Treatment - corticosteroids, thalidomide, clofazamine, antimalarials etc Special situations like ♦ Pregnancy ♦ Childhood Leprosy ♦ Leprosy and HIV Experimental models in leprosy ♦ Mice ♦ Armadillos Deformities in leprosy ♦ Types- anesthetic, motor and specific deformities involving hands, feet (including trophic ulcer) and face ♦ Nerve damage- clinical features and management ♦ Assessment ♦ Prevention ♦ Management- ♦ medical, surgical and physiotherapy Disability prevention & Rehabilitation | ♦ Global scenario ♦ Important M.leprae antigens ♦ Role of macrophages in leprosy ♦ Difference Between Madrid and Ridley Jopling classification ♦ Sensory and motor dysfunction ♦ Histopathology of nerves ♦Serology in leprosy esp., PGL-1 ELISA ♦Newer and short duration regimes ♦Uniform MDT GvTests for drug resistance ♦ Immunotherapy in leprosy ♦ Classify severity of type 2 reaction ♦ Management of nerve abscess ♦ Disability assessment ♦ Physical – prosthesis, surgical | ♦ History of leprosy and treatments of historical interest ♦ Biochemical characteristics of M leprae ♦ Other classification systems in leprosy ♦ Histopathology of other tissues like kidneys, liver, lymph nodes, mucosae ♦ In-vitro testing of ♦ M. leprae ♦ Other non human primates Vocational and social |
Biostatistics, Research Methodology, and Clinical Epidemiology Ethics
Medico-legal aspects relevant to the discipline
Health Policy issues as may be applicable to the discipline
IV. LOG BOOK:
A candidate shall maintain a log book of operations (assisted/performed) during the training period, certified by the concerned postgraduate teacher / Head of the department / senior consultant.
This log book shall be made available to the board of examiners for their perusal at the time of the final examination.
The logbook should show evidence that the before-mentioned subjects were covered (with dates and the name of the teacher(s). The candidate will maintain a record of all academic activities undertaken by him/her in a log book.
1. Personal profile of the candidate
2. Educational qualification/Professional data
3. Record of case histories
4. Procedures learnt
5. Record of case Demonstration/Presentations
6. Every candidate, at the time of the practical examination, will be required to produce a performance record (log book) containing details of the work done by him/her during the entire period of training as per the requirements of the log book. It should be duly certified by the supervisor as work done by the candidate and countersigned by the administrative Head of the Institution.
7. In the absence of the production of a log book, the result will not be declared.
V. RECOMMENDED TEXT BOOKS AND JOURNALS:
Books
DERMATOLOGY
1. Rook's Textbook of Dermatology - Dr D.A. Burns, Dr S.M. Breathnach, Dr N.H. Cox, vol-I-IV
2. Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine (McGraw-Hill), Wolff, Klaus, Goldsmith et al, vol –I-II
3. Dermatology - Samuel L. Moschella, Harry J. Hurley, vol 1.2
LEPROSY
1. Jopling textbook of leprosy
2. Hasting's textbook of leprosy
3. National leprosy elimination programme
4. WHO guidelines for leprosy
STD
1. HOLMES Sexually Transmitted Diseases - King K. Holmes, Frederick
P. Sparling, Walter E. Stamm
2. King nicolle's book onSTD
3. NACO and CDC guidelines for the management of STD
Journals
1. Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venerology & Leprology
2. Indian Journal of Dermatology
3. Indian Journal of Leprosy
4. Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted diseases
5. International Journal of Dermatology
6. International Journal of Leprosy
7. Leprosy review
8. Archieves of Dermatology
9. British Journal of Dermatology
10. Journal of American Academy of Dermatology
11. Dermatologic Surgery
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