DM Medical Genetics: Admissions, Medical Colleges, Fees, Eligibility Criteria details

DM Medical Genetics or Doctorate of Medicine in Medical Genetics also known as DM in Medical Genetics is a super specialty level course for doctors in India that is done by them after completion of their postgraduate medical degree course. The duration of this super specialty course is 3 years, and it focuses on the diagnosis, treatment and management of hereditary/genetic disorders. 

The course is a full-time course pursued at various recognized medical colleges across the country. Some of the top medical colleges offering this course include- Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences- Lucknow, All India Institute of Medical Sciences- Rishikesh, Kasturba Medical College- Manipal, and more.

Admission to this course is done through the NEET-SS Entrance exam conducted by the National Board of Examinations, followed by counselling based on the scores of the exam that is conducted by DGHS/MCC/State Authorities.

The fee for pursuing DM (Medical Genetics) varies from college to college and may range from Rs. 25000 to Rs. 15,00,000 per year.

After completion of their respective course, doctors can either join the job market or can pursue certificate courses and Fellowship programmes recognised by NMC and NBE. Candidates can take reputed jobs at positions as Senior residents, Consultants etc. with an approximate salary range of Rs 5 Lakh- Rs 20 Lakh per year.

What is DM in Medical Genetics?

Doctorate of Medicine in Medical Genetics, also known as DM (Medical Genetics) or DM in (Medical Genetics) is a three-year super specialty programme that candidates can pursue after completing postgraduate degree.

Medical Genetics is the branch of medical science that deals with the diagnosis, treatment and management of hereditary/genetic disorders.

National Medical Commission (NMC), the apex medical regulator, has released guidelines for a Competency-Based Postgraduate Training Programme for DM in Medical Genetics.

The Competency-Based Postgraduate Training Programme governs the education and training of DMs in Medical Genetics.

The postgraduate students must gain ample of knowledge and experience in the diagnosis, treatment of patients with acute, serious, and life-threatening medical and surgical diseases.

The PG education intends to create specialists who can contribute to high-quality health care and advances in science through research and training.

The required training done by a postgraduate specialist in the field of Medical Genetics would help the specialist to recognize the health needs of the community. The student should be competent to handle medical problems effectively and should be aware of the recent advances in their speciality.

The candidate is also expected to know the principles of research methodology and modes of the consulting library. The candidate should regularly attend conferences, workshops and CMEs to upgrade her/ his knowledge.

Course Highlights

Here are some of the course highlights of DM in Medical Genetics

Name of Course	DM in Medical Genetics
Level	Doctorate
Duration of Course	Three years
Course Mode	Full Time
Minimum Academic Requirement	Postgraduate medical degree obtained from any college/university recognized by the MCI (Now NMC)/NBE
Admission Process / Entrance Process / Entrance Modalities	Entrance Exam (NEET-SS) INI CET for various AIIMS, PGIMER Chandigarh, JIPMER Puducherry, NIMHANS Bengaluru Counselling by DGHS/MCC/State Authorities
Course Fees	Rs. 25000 to Rs. 15,00,000 per year
Average Salary	Rs 5 Lakh- Rs 20 Lakh per year

Eligibility Criteria

The eligibility criteria for DM in Medical Genetics are defined as the set of rules or minimum prerequisites that aspirants must meet in order to be eligible for admission, which include:

• Candidates must be in possession of a postgraduate medical Degree (MD/MS/DNB) from any college/university recognized by the MCI (Now NMC)/NBE.
• The candidate must have obtained permanent registration of any State Medical Council to be eligible for admission.
• The medical college's recognition cut-off dates for the Postgraduate Degree courses shall be as prescribed by the Medical Council of India (now NMC).

Admission Process

• The admission process contains a few steps to be followed in order by the candidates for admission to DM in Medical Genetics. Candidates can view the complete admission process for DM in Medical Genetics mentioned below:

• The NEET-SS or National Eligibility Entrance Test for Super specialty courses is a national-level master's level examination conducted by the NBE for admission to DM/MCh/DrNB Courses.

• Qualifying Criteria-Candidates placed at the 50th percentile or above shall be declared as qualified in the NEET-SS in their respective specialty.

• The following Medical institutions are not covered under centralized admissions for DM/MCh courses through NEET-SS:

1. AIIMS, New Delhi and other AIIMS
2. 2.PGIMER, Chandigarh
3. 3.JIPMER, Puducherry
4. 4.NIMHANS, Bengaluru

• Candidates from all eligible feeder specialty subjects shall be required to appear in the question paper of respective group, if they are willing to opt for a superspecialty course in any of the super specialty courses covered in that group.

• A candidate can opt for appearing in the question papers of as many groups for which his/her Postgraduate specialty qualification is an eligible feeder qualification.

• By appearing in the question paper of a group and on qualifying the examination, a candidate shall be eligible to exercise his/her choices in the counseling only for those superspecialty subjects covered in said group for which his/ her broad specialty is an eligible feeder qualification.

Fees Structure

The fee structure for DM in Medical Genetics varies from college to college. The fee is generally less for Government Institutes and more for private institutes. The average fee structure for DM in Medical Genetics is around Rs. 25000 to Rs. 15,00,000 per year.

Colleges offering DM in Medical Genetics

There are various medical colleges across India that offer courses for pursuing DM in (Medical Genetics).

As per National Medical Commission (NMC) website, the following medical colleges are offering DM in (Medical Genetics) courses for the academic year 2022-23.

Sl.No.	Course Name	Select a State	Name and Address of Medical College / Medical Institution	Annual Intake (Seats)
1	DM - Medical Genetics	Uttar Pradesh	Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow	2
2	DM - Medical Genetics	Uttarakhand	All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh	4
3	DM - Medical Genetics	Karnataka	Kasturba Medical College, Manipal	2
4	DM - Medical Genetics	Chandigarh	Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh

Syllabus

A DM in Medical Genetics is a three years specialization course that provides training in the stream of Medical Genetics.

The course content for DM in Medical Genetics is given in the Competency-Based Postgraduate Training Programme released by National Medical Commission, which can be assessed through the link mentioned below:

Course contents:

A. Cognitive domain

History of Medical Genetics

Foundations of Medical Genetics Before 1956

Growth and Development of Medical Genetics: 1956 to the Present

The Future

Genetics in Medicine

The Principles of Disease, Defining Disease, Prevention and Treatment

Nature and Frequency of Genetic Disease

Frequency of Genetic Disease

Single-Gene Disorders

Multifactorial Disorders

Somatic Cell Genetic Disorders

Genomics and Proteomics

Genes and Human Disease

Genomics

Mapping the Human Genome

Sequencing the Human Genome

Current Approaches to Sequence Human Genome

Cloning Human Disease Genes

Sequence-Based Methods for Detecting Chromosomal Abnormalities

Proteomics

Genome and Gene Structure

Double Helix Structure, DNA Replication, Transcription, and Meiotic Recombination

Organization of Genomic DNA

Gene Structure and the Molecular Pathway of Gene Expression

Epigenetics

Epigenetic Mechanisms: Chromatin, DNA Methylation and Long Noncoding RNAs

Epigenetic Reprogramming

Epigenetic Regulation of X Inactivation

Genomic Imprinting

Genetic Disorders Due to Genes Affecting Chromatin Structure

Methods for Studying Epigenetic Marks

Cancer Epigenetics

Environmental Influences on Epigenetic Traits

Abnormalities in Epigenetic Programming Linked to Infertility and ART

In Utero Epigenetic Programming of Adult Traits and Disease

Genetic–Epigenetic Interactions

Human Gene Mutation in Inherited Disease: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Consequences

Molecular Mechanisms of Mutation Causing Human Inherited Disease

Disease-Causing Mutations, Consequences of Mutations

General Principles of Genotype–Phenotype Correlations

Genes in Families

Pedigree Construction

Unifactorial Inheritance/Single-Gene Disorders

Dominance and Recessiveness

Autosomal-Dominant Inheritance

Autosomal Recessive Inheritance

Sex-Linked Inheritance

X-Linked Recessive Inheritance

X-Linked Dominant Inheritance

Y-Linked (Holandric) Inheritance

Partial Sex Linkage

Analysis of Genetic Linkage

Linkage Analysis: Basic Concepts

Extending Parametric Linkage Analysis

Linkage Analysis for Complex and Quantitative Traits

Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

Chromosome Structure, Chromosomes in Cell Division

Methods for Studying Human Chromosomes

Functional Organization of Chromosomes

Sex Chromosomes and Sex Determination

Uniparental Disomy and Imprinting

Chromosome Abnormalities

Mitochondrial Genetics

Mitochondrial Biology and Genetics

Mitochondrial Etiology for Diseases and cancer

Therapeutic Approaches to Mitochondrial Disease

Multifactorial Inheritance and Complex Diseases

Determining the Genetic Component of a Trait

The International HapMap Project

Genome-Wide Association Studies

Association Methods/Statistical Analysis

Analysis of Rare Variants Using New Technologies

Integration of Genetic, Genomic, and Functional Data for Multifactorial Diseases

Population Genetics

Hardy–Weinberg Law, Factors that affect Hardy–Weinberg Equilibrium

Applications in Population Genetics

Pathogenetics of Disease

The Scope of Abnormal Phenotypes: Disease and Malformation

Multivariate Normal Distributions and the Threshold Model

Pathogenetics of Refined Traits

Molecular Pathogenetics

Human Developmental Genetics

The Concept of Developmental Fields and Field Defects

Cellular Signaling in Development

Steps and Concepts in Embryonic Development

Regulation of Gene Expression in Development

Organogenesis

Twins and Twinning

Determining Zygosity

Incidence of Twins, Vanishing Twin, Structural Defects in Twins

Twins in Genetic Studies

Dizygotic Twins, Monozygotic Twins

The Molecular Biology of Cancer

Genetic Basis of Cancer

Viral Oncogenes

Oncogenic Alleles in Human Cancers

Tumor Suppressor Genes

The Role of DNA Damage Repair Genes in Inherited Cancer Syndromes

The Biological Basis of Aging: Implications for Medical Genetics

Progeroid Syndromes of Humans

Human Allelic Variants Homologous to Pro-Longevity Genes

Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics

Classical Genetics and Pharmacogenetics

Ethnic Differences in Gene–Drug Interactions

Pharmacogenomics

Genetic Evaluation for Common Diseases of Adulthood

The Process of Genetic Evaluation for Common Diseases

Integrating Genetic Information into Routine Clinical Practice

Genetic Counseling and Clinical Risk Assessment

Process of Genetic Counseling

Adult-Onset Disorders

Genetic Risk Assessment and Calculation in the Clinical Setting

Cytogenetic Analysis

Milestones in Human Cytogenetics

The Indications for Cytogenetic Analysis

Tissue Samples and Cell Culture, Chromosome Banding

The Normal Human Karyotype

Chromosome Abnormalities

In situ Hybridization

Diagnostic Molecular Genetics

Indications for Molecular Genetic Testing

Technical Approaches to Molecular Genetic Testing

Molecular Genetic Diagnosis of Diseases

Mitochondrial DNA Disorders

Quality Assurance, and Regulatory Issues

Internet Resources for Molecular Genetic Testing

Heterozygote Testing and Carrier Screening

Carrier Screening in Clinical Practice

Carrier Screening in Individuals of Defined Subpopulation Groups

Therapeutic Implications for Heterozygotes

Methods and Tissues used in Carrier Identification

Problems in Heterozygote Detection

Sensitivity and Specificity, Cost and Feasibility

Age for Carrier Testing

Prenatal Screening for Neural Tube Defects and Aneuploidy

Techniques for Prenatal Diagnosis

Amniocentesis, Chorionic Villus Sampling, Fetal Blood Sampling, Fetal Tissue

Sampling, Celomocentesis

Embryoscopy

Polar Body Biopsy, Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis

Ultrasonography

Fetal Cells and Fetal DNA in Maternal Blood

Neonatal Screening

Historical Aspects

Components of Screening Programs

Potential Problems in Newborn Screening

Disorders and Conditions Detected by Newborn Blood Screening

Other Newborn Screening and Issues and Concerns in Screening

Therapies for Lysosomal Storage Diseases

ERT for Lysosomal Storage Diseases

Substrate Reduction Therapy

Pharmacologic Chaperone Therapy

Gene Therapy: From Theoretical Potential to Clinical Implementation

Genes as Medicines -The Origins of Gene Therapy

The Basic Science: Gene Transfer

Developing Cell-Type-Specific and Regulatable Gene Delivery Vectors

The Clinical Science: Toward Gene Therapy of Human Disease

Ethical and Social Issues in Clinical Genetics

Genetic Counseling, Testing and Screening

Goals and Outcomes of Genetic Services

Non-directiveness in Genetic Counseling

Diagnostic Genetic Testing, Predictive Genetic Testing

Confidentiality

Genetic Testing in Childhood, Population Genetic Screening, Newborn Screening,

Antenatal Screening, Carrier Screening

Genetics, Geneticization and Society

Reproductive Technologies and Cloning: "Reprogenetics"

Legal Issues in Medical Genetics

Genetic Malpractice

Genetic Counseling, Abortion, Adoption, Surrogacy, Embryo cryopreservation

Newborn Screening

Prenatal and Carrier Screening

Genetic Discrimination

Regulation of Genetic Diagnostic Tests

Direct to Consumer Genetic Testing

Regulation of Human Genetic Research

Regulation of Research with Stem Cells Derived from Human Embryos

Genetics of Male & Female Infertility

The Hypothalamic – Pituitary - Gonadal Axis

Hypogonadism: Hypogonadotropic & Hypergonadotropic Hypogonadism

Eugonadal Infertility

Chromosome Anomalies and Gene defects

Fetal Loss

Early Pregnancy Loss, Late Pregnancy Loss

Evaluation and Management of Recurrent Abortion

Clinical Approach to the Dysmorphic Child

Prenatal versus Postnatal Onset of Developmental Problems

Clinical Teratology

Recognized Teratogenic Exposures

Paternal Exposures and Maternal Exposures

Neurodevelopmental Disabilities: Global Developmental Delay, Intellectual Disability, and

Autism

Abnormal Body Size and Proportion

Pathologic Short Stature

Pathologic Overgrowth

Susceptibility and Response to Infection

Genome-Wide Association Studies and Human Infection

Cell Surface Proteins, Intracellular Proteins, Extracellular Proteins

Transplantation Genetics

The Physiologic Function of MHC Molecules

The Structure of Human Histocompatibility Molecules

Minor Histocompatibility Systems

Serologic, Cellular and Molecular Methods for HLA Typing

Clinical Significance of HLA Molecular Typing

Genetics of Xenotransplantation

Stem Cells and Transplantation

The Genetics of Disorders Affecting the Premature Newborn

Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Intraventricular Hemorrhage

Retinopathy of Prematurity

Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Disorders of DNA Repair and Metabolism

Disorders of Nucleotide Excision Repair: Xeroderma Pigmentosum and Cockayne

Syndrome

Disorders of Base Excision Repair: MUTYH and Colon Cancer Risk

Disorders of Mismatch Repair: Lynch Syndrome and Turcot Syndrome

Disorders Associated with Double Strand Break Recognition and Repair: AtaxiaTelangiectasia and Related Conditions

Crosslink Repair and Homologous Recombination Defects: Breast–Ovarian Cancer and

Fanconi Anemia

Disorders Associated with Recq Helicase Deficiency: Bloom, Werner, and Rothmund–

Thomson Syndromes

Gene - Environment Interactions: Gorlin - Goltz Syndrome

Autosomal Abnormalities

Genetic Counseling in the Trisomies

Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21), Trisomy 18, Trisomy 13

Translocations

Uniparental Disomy

Deletion, Duplication

Sex-Chromosome Abnormalities

Turner Syndrome, Klinefelter Syndrome, 47,XXX Syndrome, 47,XYY Karyotype

Sex Chromosome Mosaicism

Sex Chromosome Tetrasomy and Pentasomy (Polysomy)

Structural Abnormalities of the Y Chromosome

Prenatal Diagnosis of Sex Chromosome Abnormalities

Cardio-vascular system: Congenital Heart Defects and Inherited Cardiomyopathies

Specific Syndromes with Congenital Heart Defect

Chromosomal Disorders

Microdeletions/Microduplication Syndromes

Single-Gene Disorders

Holt–Oram syndrome

CHARGE Syndrome

Maternal Diabetes, Drug Ingestion

Folic Acid Supplementation

Risks for Sibs and Offspring of Children with Isolated Heart Defects

Hypertrophic, Dilated and Atypical Cardiomyopathy

Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (Osler–Weber–Rendu Syndrome)

Hereditary Disorders of the Lymphatic System and Venous System (varicose vein)

Capillary Malformation/Arteriovenous Malformation (Capillary Malformation, Sturge–

Weber Syndrome, Capillary Malformation–arteriovenous Malformation, Cerebral

Cavernous Malformation)

The Genetics of Cardiac Electrophysiology in Humans

Genetics of Blood Pressure Regulation

Preeclampsia

Common Genetic Determinants of Coagulation and Fibrinolysis (Genetic Variants

Influencing Components of the Coagulation Cascade, Genetic Variants Influencing

Natural Anticoagulants, Genetic Variants Influencing Components of the Fibrinolytic

Cascade, Genetic Variants Influencing Platelet Function, Genome-Wide Association

Analysis for Thrombosis)

Genetics of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (Genetic Studies of CHD, Candidate

Gene Studies in Humans, Genome Wide Association Studies, GWAS Findings for CVD

Risk Factors, Genetic Risk Scores and Prediction Algorithms for Personalized Medicine)

Respiratory tract disorders

Cystic Fibrosis

Genetic Underpinnings of Asthma and Related Traits

Disorders of ciliary function

Hereditary Pulmonary Emphysema

Interstitial and Restrictive Pulmonary Disorders

Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract

Cystic Diseases of the Kidney

Nephrotic Disorders

Renal Tubular Disorders

Cancer of the Kidney and Urogenital Tract

Gastrointestinal Tract and Hepatobiliary Duct System

Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Bile Pigment Metabolism and its Disorders including cholestasis

Cancer of the Colon and Gastrointestinal Tract

Blood

Hemoglobinopathies and Thalassemia

Other Hereditary Red Blood Cell Disorders

Hemophilia and Other Disorders of Hemostasis

Rhesus and Other Fetomaternal Incompatibilities

Disorders of bone marrow aplasia and dyserythropoesis

Immunologic Disorders: Autoimmunity: Genetics and Immunologic Mechanisms

Immunodeficiency Disorders

Inherited Complement Deficiencies

Disorders of Leukocyte Function

Genetic Basis of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease

Endocrine

Abnormalities of growth hormone- pituitary axis

Monogenic diabetes mellitus

Susceptibility to type I and type II diabetes

Genetic Basis of Thyroid Carcinoma

Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia

CASR Mutations in Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia and Neonatal Severe

Hyperparathyroidism

Neonatal Hyperparathyroidism

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia

Familial Isolated Hypoparathyroidism

NHERF1 Mutations and Renal Responsiveness to Parathyroid Hormone

Adrenal Gland

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (21, 11β, 3β, 17α-Hydroxylase Deficiency, 17,20-Lyase

Deficiency, Congenital Lipoid Adrenal Hyperplasia, etc): Prenatal Diagnosis and

Treatment

Congenital adrenal hypoplasia

Reproductive system

Disorders of the Gonads, Genital Tract, and Genitalia

Disorders of Sexual Development and differentiation

Hereditary Cancers

Familial Breast Cancers (BRCA1, BRCA2)

Familial Breast or Ovarian Cancer

Familial Ovarian Cancer

Familial Endometrial Cancer

Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer Syndrome (or Lynch Syndrome)

Li Fraumeni syndrome

IEM Amino Acid Metabolism

Disorders of Phenylalanine Metabolism

Disorders of Tyrosine Metabolism

Disorders of Glycine Metabolism

Disorders of Proline and Hydroxyproline

Disorders of the Urea Cycle and Ornithine

Disorders of Serine Metabolism

IEM Disorders of Carbohydrate Metabolism

Disorders of Galactose Metabolism

Disorders of Fructose Metabolism

Disorders of Pentose Metabolism

Glycogen Storage Diseases

Gluconeogenic Disorders Associated with Lactic Acidosis

Congenital Disorders of Protein Glycosylation

Congenital Disorders of Protein N-Glycosylation

Congenital Disorders of Protein O-Glycosylation

Congenital Disorders of Protein N- and O-Glycosylation

Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism

Lipoprotein and Lipid Metabolism

Monogenic Disorders of Lipoprotein Metabolism

Disorders with Primarily Elevated LDL Cholesterol

Disorders with Primarily Depressed LDL Cholesterol

Disorders with Primarily Elevated HDL Cholesterol

Disorders with Primarily Depressed HDL Cholesterol

Disorders with Primarily Elevated Triglycerides

Disorders with Multiple Lipoprotein Disturbances

Organic Acidemias and Disorders of Fatty Acid Oxidation

Organic Acidemias

Vitamin D Metabolism or Action

Hereditary Vitamin D Dependency Type 1 (VDDR-1)-1-α-Hydroxylase Deficiency

Hereditary Vitamin D-Dependent Rickets Type 2 (VDDR-2)

States Resembling Hereditary Generalized Resistance to 1,25(OH)2D

Inherited Porphyrias

Regulation of Heme Biosynthesis

Classification and Diagnosis of the Porphyrias

Inherited Disorders of Human Copper Metabolism

Menkes Disease

Wilson Disease

Iron Metabolism and Related Disorders

Syndromes of Iron Overload

Other Disorders Resulting in Derangements of Iron Handling

Mucopolysaccharidoses

Mucopolysaccharidosis I (IH Hurler, IS Scheie and IH/S Hurler–Scheie Disease)

Mucopolysaccharidosis II (Hunter Syndrome)

Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA (Sanfilippo Syndrome, MPS IIIA)

Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIB (Sanfilippo Syndrome, MPS IIIB)

Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIC (Sanfilippo Syndrome, MPS IIIC)

Mucopolysaccharidosis IIID (Sanfilippo Syndrome, MPS IIID)

Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA and IVB (Morquio Syndrome, MPS IVA, MPS IVB)

Mucopolysaccharidosis V (Scheie Syndrome, MPS V)

Mucopolysaccharidosis VI (Maroteaux–Lamy Syndrome, MPS VI)

Mucopolysaccharidosis VII (Sly Syndrome, MPS VII)

Mucopolysaccharidosis VIII

Mucopolysaccharidosis IX (Natowicz Syndrome, MPS IX)

Oligosaccharidoses: Disorders Allied to the Oligosaccharidoses

Sphingolipid Disorders and the Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses or Batten Disease (Wolman

Disease, Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease, and Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis)

GM1-Gangliosidosis (β-Galactosidosis)

GM2-Gangliosidosis

Loss-of-Function Mutation of GM3-Synthase

Niemann–Pick Disease

Niemann–Pick Disease, Types A and B

Niemann–Pick Disease, Types C and D

Farber's Disease

Acid Lipase Deficiency (Wolman Disease and Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease)

Gaucher Disease

Galactosylceramide Lipidosis, Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy, or Krabbe Disease

Metachromatic Leukodystrophy

Fabry Disease

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis or Batten Disease

Kufs Disease or Adult NCL

Congenital NCL/CNCL-CLN10/Cathepsin D or CTSD Deficiency

Peroxisomal Disorders

Nervous System (CNS & PNS)

Fragile X Syndrome and X-linked Intellectual Disability

Dyslexia and Related Communication Disorders

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Autism Spectrum Disorders

Genetics of Alzheimer Disease

Schizophrenia and Affective Disorders

Addictive Disorders

Neural Tube Defects

Genetic Disorders of Cerebral Cortical Development

Genetic Aspects of Human Epilepsy

Basal Ganglia Disorders (Parkinson Disease, Dystonias, Choreic Disorders)

Hereditary Ataxias (Autosomal-Dominant, Recessive, X-linked ataxias, Intermittent

Ataxias, Episodic Ataxias, Progressive Ataxias, Mitochondrial Ataxias)

Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia (Autosomal Dominant, Autosomal Recessive, X-Linked)

Autonomic and Sensory Disorders (Familial Dysautonomia, Congenital Sensory

Neuropathy with Anhidrosis)

The Phakomatoses (The Neurofibromatoses)

Tuberous sclerosis

Demyelinating Disorders (Krabbe Disease, Metachromatic & X-Linked

Adrenoleukodystrophy)

Hereditary Motor and Sensory Neuropathies (Charcot–Marie–Tooth)

Spinal Muscular Atrophies

Motor Neuron Disease: Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Muscles

Muscular Dystrophies (Dystrophinopathies, Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy

Emery–Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophies and Other Contractural Phenotypes, Limb-Girdle

Muscular Dystrophies, Myofibrillar Myopathies and Other Distal Phenotypes, Congenital

Muscular Dystrophies)

Congenital (Structural) Myopathies

Hereditary Muscle Channelopathies

Myotonic Dystrophies

Hereditary and Autoimmune Myasthenias

Eye

Color Vision Defects (Molecular Basis of Variation in Normal Color Vision, Genetics of

Red–green Color Vision in Women, Blue–Yellow (Tritan) Color Vision Defects, etc)

The Achromatopsias

Optic Atrophy

Glaucoma

Congenital Defects of the Cornea

Congenital Cataracts and Genetic Anomalies of the Lens

Hereditary Retinal and Choroidal Dystrophies: Pigmentary Retinopathies/Retinitis

Pigmentosa, Leber's Congenital Amaurosis, The Primary Cone Degenerations

Strabismus

Retinoblastoma and the RB1 Cancer Syndrome

Anophthalmia, Microphthalmia, and Uveal Coloboma

Ear: Hereditary Hearing Impairment

Clefting, Dental, and Craniofacial Syndromes

Craniosynostosis

Skin and Hair

Abnormalities of Pigmentation: Disorders of Melanosome Biogenesis/Transport—

Hermansky–Pudlak Syndrome, Chédiak–Higashi Syndrome, and Griscelli Syndrome;

Disorders of Melanocyte Survival—Vitiligo

Ichthyosiform Dermatoses

Epidermolysis Bullosa

Ectodermal Dysplasias

Xeroderma Pigmentosum

Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis

Porokeratoses

Muir–Torre Syndrome

Melanoma

Cutaneous Hamartoneoplastic Disorders: Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal-Cell

Cancer, Birt–Hogg–Dubé Syndrome

Inherited Disorders of the Hair: Hypotrichosis, Hypertrichosis

Marfan Syndrome and Related Disorders

Ehlers–Danlos Syndrome

Heritable Diseases Affecting the Elastic Fibers: Cutis Laxa, Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum,

and Related Disorders

Bone

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (and Other Disorders of Bone Matrix)

Disorders of Bone Density, Volume, and Mineralization: Osteopetrosis Group of

Disorders, Raine Dysplasia, Pyknodysostosis, Dysosteosclerosis, Osteopoikilosis,

Craniotubular Remodeling Disorders, Hyperphosphatasemia with Osteoectasia, etc

Chondrodysplasias

Abnormalities of Bone Structure (Dysplasia Epiphysealis Hemimelica, Hereditary

Multiple Exostoses, Langer–Giedion Syndrome, Enchondromatosis, Maffucci Syndrome,

Metachondromatosis, Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone, etc)

Dysostoses

Arthrogryposes (Multiple Congenital Contractures)

Common Skeletal Deformities

Hereditary Noninflammatory Arthropathies

Cohesinopathies

Ciliopathies

B. Psychomotor domain:

The student should be able to understand, learn and/or perform:

1. Elicit a comprehensive medical genetic history and construct an appropriate pedigree

2. Carry out a comprehensive physical examination for major and minor anomalies, with

special attention to surface anatomy and anthropometric measurements

3. Understand prenatal diagnostic procedures both invasive (amniocentesis, chorionic

villous sampling, cordocentesis, etc) and non-invasive (fetal ultrasonography)

4. Perform fetal autopsy

5. Understand principle of cytogenetic, biochemical, and molecular laboratory methods

6. Perform specialized tests through biochemical, cytogenetic, and molecular genetic

laboratories

7. Learn interpretation of cytogenetic, biochemical, and molecular laboratory reports

8. On the basis of results, formulate an appropriate diagnosis

9. Effectively use information systems, including library and electronic resources, in the

evaluation and management of patients with genetic diseases, including diagnosis of

multiple congenital anomaly syndromes, and the recognition of teratogenic exposures.

10. Ensure that the testing is done in an Accredited Lab Only (Authenticity and legal

protection for the referring clinician). Interpretation of the results is an art and science

and hence should be included empathetically.

11. Appreciate the role of biomedical research and develop techniques for critical analysis of

current scientific developments

12. Able to coordinate information from multiple sources into a coherent and rational plan of

management of genetic disorders

13. Able to communicate and counsel patients and families who sometimes may be disturbed

and psychologically upset

14. Understand human behavior, maturation, and intelligence, in order to facilitate counseling

of varying individuals

Management of genetic diseases

The student should be able to:

1. Provide patients with access to diagnostic and predictive tests that are appropriate for the

condition in their family and advise patients of the benefits, limitations, and risks of such

tests.

2. Demonstrate use and correct interpretation of diagnostic procedures and their results

3. Advise appropriate treatments, including dietary, pharmacological, enzyme-replacement,

transplantation, and gene therapy.

4. Communicate genetic information in a manner that is suitable for each particular patient

and family. Present all available option accurately with consequences explained and non

directively.

5. Tolerate and encourage reiteration of information because of patient anxiety or

unfamiliarity with the concepts being presented

6. Apply appropriate communication techniques for conveying bad news

7. Recognize patients' defense mechanisms and be able to determine when it is better to

leave them intact and when they may need to be breached

8. Cope emotionally with responses of patients

9. Interpret their own attitudes toward ethical, social, cultural, religious, and ethnic issues

and develop an ability to individualize each patient or family member.

10. Resolve varying cultural, social, and religious attitudes in relation to issues such as

contraception, abortion, parenting, and gender roles

11. Utilize community support services and agencies appropriately

12. Plan and give an appropriate surveillance/ follow-up monitoring plan for anticipated

complications and issues

13. Understand all the associated and anticipated multisystem manifestations in order to refer

for appropriate multidisciplinary management

14. Participate in treating genetic diseases where applicable; for e.g., Lysosomal Storage

Diseases (enzyme replacement, substrate reduction & Pharmacologic Chaperone

Therapy), hypophosphatemia (burosumab), Multiple Exostoses (palovarotene),

Metaphyseal Chondrodysplasia Schmid type (carbamazepine), Osteoporosis

Pseudoglioma (lithium carbonate).

Career Options

After completing a DM in Medical Genetics, candidates will get employment opportunities in Government as well as in the Private sector.

In the Government sector, candidates have various options to choose from which include Registrar, Senior Resident, Demonstrator, Tutor etc.

While in the Private sector the options include Resident Doctor, Consultant, Visiting Consultant (Medical Genetics), Junior Consultant, Senior Consultant (Medical Genetics), Medical Genetics Specialist

Courses After DM in Medical Genetics Course

DM in Medical Genetics is a specialisation course which can be pursued after finishing a Postgraduate medical course. After pursuing specialisation in DM in Medical Genetics, a candidate could also pursue certificate courses and Fellowship programmes recognised by NMC and NBE, where DM in Medical Genetics is a feeder qualification.

Frequently Asked Question (FAQs) –DM in Medical Genetics Course

• Question: What is the full form of DM?

Answer: The full form of DM is Doctorate of Medicine

• Question: What is a DM in Medical Genetics?

Answer: DM Medical Genetics or Doctorate of Medicine in Medical Genetics also known as DM in Medical Genetics is a super specialty level course for doctors in India that is done by them after completion of their postgraduate medical degree course.

• Question: What is the duration of a DM in Medical Genetics?

Answer: DM in Medical Genetics is a super specialty programme of three years.

• Question: What is the eligibility of a DM in Medical Genetics?

Answer: Candidates must be in possession of a postgraduate medical Degree (MD/MS/DNB) from any college/university recognized by the Medical Council of India (now NMC)/NBE.

• Question: What is the scope of a DM in Medical Genetics?

Answer: DM in Medical Genetics offers candidates various employment opportunities and career prospects.

• Question: What is the average salary for a DM in Medical Genetics candidate?

Answer: The DM in Medical Genetics candidate's average salary is between Rs 5 Lakh- Rs 20 Lakh per year depending on the experience.

• Question: Can you teach after completing DM Course?

Answer: Yes, candidate can teach in a medical college/hospital after completing DM course.

• Question: What does a medical geneticist do?

Answer: Medical geneticists specialize in medicine that involves the interaction between genes and health. They are trained to evaluate, diagnose, manage, treat and counsel individuals of all ages with hereditary disorders.