Aerobic exercise does not reduce amyloid accumulation in elderly, finds PET imaging

It was a 52-week randomized controlled trial that compared the effects of 150 minutes per week of aerobic exercise vs education control intervention. Researchers included a total of 110 underactive older adults without evidence of cognitive impairment, with elevated (n = 79) or subthreshold (n = 38) levels of cerebral amyloid. The trained exercise specialists monitored the exercise activities. Researchers conducted 18F-AV45 PET imaging of cerebral amyloid and anatomical MRI for the whole brain and hippocampal volume at baseline and Week 52 follow-up to index brain health. They also conducted a neurophysiological test at baseline, Week 26, and Week 52 to assess executive function, verbal memory, and visuospatial cognitive domains. They assessed the response of exercise by performing cardiorespiratory fitness testing at baseline and Week 52. By the end of the study, researchers have found that the aerobic exercise group significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness (11% vs 1% in the control group). However, they found no differences in change measures of amyloid, brain volume, or cognitive performance compared to control.

The authors concluded, "Aerobic exercise was not associated with reduced amyloid accumulation in cognitively normal older adults with cerebral amyloid. In spite of strong systemic cardiorespiratory effects of the intervention, the observed lack of cognitive or brain structure benefits suggests the brain benefits of exercise reported in other studies are likely to be related to non-amyloid effects".

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https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0244893