AstraZeneca Imfinzi based perioperative regimen recommended for approval in EU for resectable non-small cell lung cancer

The Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) based its positive opinion on results from the pivotal AEGEAN trial, which were published in The New England Journal of Medicine.

Results from a planned interim analysis of event-free survival (EFS) showed a statistically significant and clinically meaningful 32% reduction in the risk of recurrence, progression events or death versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone in patients treated with the Imfinzi-based perioperative regimen (32% data maturity; EFS hazard ratio [HR] 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53-0.88; p=0.003902). In a final analysis of pathologic complete response (pCR), treatment with Imfinzi plus neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery resulted in a pCR rate of 17.2% versus 4.3% for patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone (difference in pCR 13.0%; 95% CI 8.7-17.6).

Additionally, interim overall survival (OS) results presented at the 2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer showed a favourable trend with the Imfinzi-based perioperative regimen (35% data maturity; median OS: not reached [NR] versus 53.2 months; HR=0.89; 95% CI 0.70-1.14). The OS data were not tested for statistical significance at this interim analysis and will continue to be assessed as a key secondary endpoint at final analysis.

Professor Martin Reck, Head of the Department of Thoracic Oncology at the Lung Clinic Grosshansdorf, Germany, member of the AEGEAN Steering Committee and investigator in the trial, said, “Adding perioperative durvalumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy significantly improved outcomes for patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer, who experience high rates of recurrence and poor outcomes. The recommendation marks an important step towards patients and their clinicians in Europe gaining access to an innovative treatment that should become a backbone combination approach in this curative-intent setting.”

Susan Galbraith, Executive Vice President, Oncology Haematology R&D, AstraZeneca, said, “This recommendation highlights the potential of Imfinzi to address an unmet need for patients with resectable lung cancer who need new treatment options that increase the time they live without recurrence or progression. AEGEAN underscores our commitment to transforming care in the early stages of lung cancer where there is the greatest potential for cure.”

Each year in Europe, there are more than 450,000 people diagnosed with lung cancer. Around 25-30% of all patients with NSCLC, the most common form of lung cancer, are diagnosed early enough to have surgery with curative intent. However, the majority of patients with resectable disease will develop recurrence and only 36-46% of patients with Stage II disease will survive for five years. This decreases to 24% for patients with Stage IIIA disease and 9% for patients with Stage IIIB disease, reflecting a high unmet medical need.

Imfinzi was generally well tolerated, and no new safety signals were observed in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings. Further, adding Imfinzi to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was consistent with the known profile for this combination and did not compromise patients' ability to complete surgery versus chemotherapy alone.

Imfinzi is approved in the US and several other countries in this setting based on the AEGEAN results. Regulatory applications are also currently under review in China, Japan and additional countries.

Imfinzi is the global standard of care based on OS in the curative-intent setting of unresectable, Stage III NSCLC in patients whose disease has not progressed after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) based on the PACIFIC Phase III trial.