High Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index in Early Pregnancy tied to risk of Preeclampsia and Preterm Birth: Study

The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is an effective indicator for evaluating systemic immune-inflammatory responses. The development of preeclampsia (PE) may be attributed to an excessive systemic inflammatory response in pregnant women, however, the relationship between systemic immune-inflammation index and preeclampsia remains unclear. This study included 47,480 singleton pregnant women from three hospitals, comprising 2489 PE patients and 34,835 healthy controls. The gestational age for SII detection is 11.59 ± 3.98 weeks. Participants were divided into four groups based on the quartiles of SII calculated at baseline. Multivariable logistic regression and smooth fitting curves were used to analyze the relationship between SII and preeclampsia. Subgroup analyses based on age, BMI, and parity were conducted, and interaction tests were performed to assess the impact of different subgroups on the outcomes.

Results: After adjusting for relevant confounding factors, we observed that compared to SII Q1, participants in SII Q4 had a 21% increased risk of PE (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.05– 1.39, P = 0.0078) and a 12% increased risk of preterm birth (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.00– 1.26, P = 0.0488). Smooth fitting curves indicate that the risk of preeclampsia increases as SII rises. In subgroups of women aged ≥ 35 years and those with a BMI > 24, SII Q4 was significantly associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia compared to systemic immune-inflammation index Q1. Interaction tests showed that BMI and parity did not significantly influence this positive correlation (interaction P > 0.05). Age may affect the association between SII and preeclampsia (interaction P < 0.05), with a more pronounced positive correlation observed in women aged ≥ 35 years. The results indicate that elevated systemic immune-inflammation index in early pregnancy is a potential marker associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia.

Reference:

Li Q, Li M, Zhao C, Chen X, Zhang C, Li Y, Chen Y, Yue C. Association Between Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index in Early Pregnancy and Preeclampsia: A Multicenter Cohort Study. J Inflamm Res. 2025;18:8107-8118

https://doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S523131

Keywords:

High, Systemic, Immune-Inflammation, Index, Early, Pregnancy, tied, risk, Preeclampsia, Preterm Birth, Study, systemic immune-inflammation index, preeclampsia, multicenter cohort study, Li Q, Li M, Zhao C, Chen X, Zhang C, Li Y, Chen Y, Yue C.