Letrozole may increase gestational diabetes risk during Frozen Embryo Transfer in Women With PCOS

Key results from the study are:

• From 2018-2021, four hundred twenty patients were enrolled.
• Two hundred ten patients were assigned to the letrozole application group and 210 to the artificial cycle group.
• There was no difference in the live birth rate (42.4% vs 42.9%).
• Secondary outcomes had no similarities. The clinical pregnancy, implantation and miscarriage rates were 51.4% vs 56.2%, 51.8% vs 55.8% and 8.6% vs 11.0%, respectively.
• Singleton's birth weight was higher in the artificial cycle group (3,108±56 g vs 3,301±58).
• The Letrozole application group had a higher incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus. (14.6% vs 5.6%).
• There was no difference in maternal complications.

There was no significant disparity in pregnancy outcomes between the Letrozole application and Artificial Cycle for endometrial preparation in PCOS women who underwent Frozen Embryo Transfer. Notably, the risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus was higher in the Letrozole application group, and the singleton birth weight was lower in the Artificial Cycle group.

Reference:

Yuan Y et al. Letrozole During Frozen Embryo Transfer in Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2023 Nov 1;142(5):1087-1095.