Menopause transition among women linked with altered cerebral perfusion and risk of cerebrovascular diseases

A recent study has delved into the complex relationship between menopause and cerebral blood flow (CBF) and its implications for brain health. This investigation sheds light on how menopause status can influence brain perfusion hemodynamics, with noteworthy findings that underscore the importance of understanding this critical transition in a woman's life.

This study was published in STROKE by Wei Guo and colleagues. In a comprehensive study conducted at a hospital in China between September 2020 and December 2022, researchers have uncovered important insights into the relationship between menopause and cerebral blood flow (CBF). This cross-sectional study involved 185 participants, carefully categorised into four distinct groups:

• Premenopausal Women (mean age, 47.74±2.02 years): 38 individuals.
• Perimenopausal Women (mean age, 50.62±3.15 years): 42 individuals.
• Postmenopausal Women (mean age, 54.02±4.09 years): 42 individuals.
• Men (mean age, 52.70±4.33 years): 63 individuals of a similar age range.

Key findings from the study include:

• White Matter Hyperintensities: Perimenopausal and postmenopausal women exhibited a higher proportion of white matter hyperintensities compared to the other groups. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.001).
• Cerebral Blood Flow Variations: Premenopausal women displayed notably higher CBF values in various brain regions compared to their perimenopausal and postmenopausal counterparts, as well as age-matched men. The observed differences were statistically significant (P≤0.001).
  
• Age and Menopause: Multivariable regression analysis demonstrated that age had a significant effect on CBF for all participants, irrespective of gender. Additionally, the study revealed that menopause status and the interaction between age and menopause status played a role in CBF variations among female participants. It was noted that premenopausal women exhibited a slight increase in CBF with age, while perimenopausal and postmenopausal women experienced declines in CBF with age in most subregions.
  

This study has illuminated the intricate connection between menopause and cerebral blood flow. It is evident that changes in CBF commence during the perimenopausal phase, a period often associated with an increased burden of white matter hyperintensities. These findings underscore the importance of addressing the complex interplay between menopause, brain health, and the potential risk of cerebrovascular disorders.

The research lays a solid foundation for further exploration of the dynamic relationship between menopause and CBF. This knowledge could provide valuable insights into menopausal symptoms, cognitive health, and the risks associated with cerebrovascular disorders. The results emphasize the need for a holistic approach to women's health during menopause, with a focus on both physical and cognitive well-being.

Reference:

Guo, W., Wang, X., Chen, Y., Wang, F., Qiu, J., & Lu, W. Effect of menopause status on brain perfusion hemodynamics. Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation,2023.

https://doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.123.044841