Increased intake of dietary calcium reduces risk of Age-related macular degeneration

Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) causes vision loss due to non-neovascular and neovascular impairment. It has two types, dry form and wet form. Treatment modalities are available, including laser photocoagulation and vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors, but these lack effectiveness in the long run.

Several environmental factors tied to ocular disorders are smoking, lifestyle behaviours and alcohol. Nutrition may play a key role in preventing ARMD. Evidence suggests that vegetables, fish and fruits, antioxidants, vitamins, zinc, and copper reduce the risk of ARMD.

Low consumption of carotenoids and omega-3 fatty acids increases the progression of ARMD. There is a scarcity of evidence on the association between dietary micronutrients and ARMD.

Considering this background, researchers examined micronutrients' harmful or protective role with ARMD. Dr Yuan-Yuei Chen from Tri-Service General Hospital, Taiwan, was the study's lead researcher.

The study summary includes the following:

• The study had 5227 participants from NHANES, 2005–2008.
• ARMD was evaluated with an ophthalmic digital imaging system and digital camera.
• Using 24-hour dietary recall, Mineral element consumption was collected.
• Multivariable logistic regression determined the association.
• There was a negative association of dietary calcium with ARMD.
• The serum concentration of calcium has no association with ARMD.
• ARMD is reduced by increasing dietary calcium.

To conclude, lower dietary calcium increases the risk of ARMD.

The researchers said calcium is an essential micronutrient involved in vital functions of the body. Our study's findings highly pointed out that specific micronutrients are beneficial in preventing the progression of ARMD.

Further reading:

Chen, Y.-Y.; Chen, Y.-J. The Relationship between Dietary Calcium and Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Nutrients 2023, 15, 671. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15030671