Metabolic Syndrome Increases Cataract Risk, Especially in 50 + Individuals: Study

The meta-analysis showed that MetS was significantly associated with an increased risk of cataract (RR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.16–1.41, p < 0.001; I² = 90%). Subgroup analyses indicated that the association was stronger in participants aged ≥57 years compared to those <57 years (p for subgroup difference <0.001) and in studies using the International Diabetes Federation criteria for MetS diagnosis compared to the National Cholesterol Education Program criteria (p for subgroup difference <0.001). No significant differences were found by geographic region, sex, or cataract types. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings. Egger’s regression test showed no significant publication bias (p = 0.44). MetS is associated with an increased risk of cataract in adults, particularly in older populations. Further studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms and develop prevention strategies.

Reference:

Liu, C., Zhang, Y., Cao, X. et al. Association between metabolic syndrome and cataract: a meta-analysis. Eye (2025).https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-025-03910-2