Advances in pediatric sepsis biomarkers: A pediatric investigation review
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition triggered by a severe infection. Severe sepsis and septic shock are progressive stages of sepsis, associated with multi-organ failure and death. Mortality for pediatric sepsis ranges from 4% to 50%, depending on illness severity, risk factors, and geographic location. The risk of recurrence after surviving severe sepsis is significantly high in most cases.
One of the persistent challenges in treating sepsis is the lack of timely diagnosis. Non-symptomatic children can rapidly present morbid symptoms in a short span of 36 to 72 hours. Current practices rely on broad-ranged biomarkers such as CRP (C-reactive protein, an inflammation marker), PCT (procalcitonin, a pro-hormone), and lactate for the detection of sepsis. Despite recent advances in science and technology, there is currently no singular diagnostic test that reliably detects sepsis.
Their review, published in Pediatric Investigation, systematically classifies biomarkers according to the sepsis progression stage in patient samples and provides a comprehensive overview of research advancements across various omics levels. The study authors emphasize that timely and precise identification and treatment are crucial for minimizing the risk of sepsis and enhancing the prognosis. Multi-omics profiling technology, encompassing genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, is employed to identify reliable biomarkers.
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