Downs Syndrome children have increased risk of ASD and ADHD as comorbidities, reveals research
A new study published in the Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders revealed that children and adolescents with Down syndrome (DS) are significantly more likely to be diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), illuminating the complexity of co-occurring developmental conditions.
This study analyzed data from the National Health Interview Survey and included 2,14,300 children aged between 3 and 17 years. Among these, 329 children were identified as having physician-diagnosed DS. Within this group, 21 were also diagnosed with ASD, 48 with ADHD, and 6 had co-occurring ASD and ADHD diagnoses.
Using logistic regression analysis with adjustments for demographic variables such as age and sex, the study found striking associations. Children with DS were over 5 times more likely to also have autism (odds ratio [OR] = 5.40; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.04–9.59) when compared to children without DS. The risk of having ADHD was also elevated (OR = 1.72; 95% CI: 1.17–2.53). For the individuals experiencing both ASD and ADHD, the odds were more than 3 times higher in children with DS (OR = 3.45; 95% CI: 1.29–9.20).
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