Oseltamivir Associated With Improved Outcomes for Younger Patients with Influenza
Oseltamivir is tied with improved outcomes for younger patients with influenza according to a recent study published in the JAMA Pediatrics.
Oseltamivir is recommended for all children hospitalized with influenza, despite limited evidence supporting its use in the inpatient setting.
A study was conducted to determine whether early oseltamivir use is associated with improved outcomes in children hospitalized with influenza.
This multicenter retrospective study included 55 799 children younger than 18 years who were hospitalized with influenza from October 1, 2007, to March 31, 2020, in 36 tertiary care pediatric hospitals who participate in the Pediatric Health Information System database. Data were analyzed from January 2021 to March 2022.
The primary outcome was hospital length of stay (LOS) in calendar days. Secondary outcomes included 7-day hospital readmission, late (hospital day 2 or later) intensive care unit (ICU) transfer, and a composite outcome of in-hospital death or use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) based on propensity scoring was used to address confounding by indication. Mixed-effects models were used to compare outcomes between children who did and did not receive early oseltamivir treatment. Outcomes were also compared within high-risk subgroups based on age, presence of a complex chronic condition, early critical illness, and history of asthma.
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