Low- and conventional-dose TMP-SMX combo equally effective in Pneumocystis Pneumonia in non-HIV infected patients
Low- and conventional-dose TMP-SMX combination equally effective in Pneumocystis Pneumonia in non-HIV infected patients suggests a new study published in the CHEST
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is an effective treatment for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) in immunocompromised patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection; however, a high incidence of adverse events has been observed. Low-dose TMP-SMX is a potentially effective treatment with fewer adverse events; however, evidence is limited.
In this multicenter retrospective cohort study, we included patients diagnosed with non-HIV PCP and treated with TMP-SMX between June 2006 and March 2021 at three institutions. The patients were classified into low- (TMP <12.5 mg/kg/day) and conventional-dose groups (TMP 12.5–20 mg/kg/day). The primary endpoint was 30-day mortality, and the secondary endpoints were 180-day mortality, adverse events of grade 3 or greater per the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v5.0, and initial treatment completion rates. Background characteristics were adjusted using the overlap weighting method with propensity scores.
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