Pulmonary Infections in HBV-ACLF Patients Elevate Mortality Risk: Early Intervention Critical, Study Suggests
China: A recent retrospective cohort study has highlighted the significant role of pulmonary infections in influencing short-term outcomes for patients with hepatitis B-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF). The study found that the mortality rate in patients with both HBV-ACLF and pulmonary infections was nearly double that of those without infections (65.71% vs. 35.02%).
In their findings published in BMC Pulmonary Medicine, the researchers pointed out that certain risk factors, including invasive procedures and hepatic encephalopathy, increased the susceptibility of HBV-ACLF patients to pulmonary infections. Additionally, comorbidities like diabetes and elevated neutrophil counts were associated with a higher risk of mortality within 30 days. A predictive model incorporating these variables showed superior accuracy over traditional prognostic tools, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.832. This model emphasizes the importance of early risk assessment and timely intervention, which can significantly improve the prognosis of this vulnerable patient group.
Led by Liang Chen from the Department of Liver Disease at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, the research team sought to identify the key risk factors for pulmonary infections in HBV-ACLF patients, assess how these infections impact patient outcomes, and develop a reliable prognostic model for early intervention.
To achieve these goals, the researchers retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 393 HBV-ACLF patients. Using logistic regression, they identified risk factors associated with pulmonary infection. They evaluated the factors influencing prognosis in infected patients. They also developed a prognostic prediction model using the Nomogram method.
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