Repeat CT must in Coronavirus patients with negative CT but worsening symptoms: Study

The findings of the study have been published in journal of Infection and Drug Resistance.

The epidemic of COVID-19 has attracted much attention because of its sudden progression from being asymptomatic to severe and life threatening pulmonary involvement. Thus, CT has emerged to be a common method for COVID-19 diagnosis, as it can quickly and efficiently provide information about pulmonary lesions.

The study aimed at reviewing the follow-up CT of COVID-19 patients with negative initial chest CT findings while evaluating changes in clinical manifestations and laboratory indicators of patients with newly developed lesions and studying the correlation of clinical and laboratory data with imaging results.

Researchers collected data retrospectively from 29 patients who had tested positive for COVID-19 by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction testing but negative by initial chest CT from January 22 to February 17, 2020. Clinical manifestations, laboratory indicators, and follow-up CT data were further evaluated. Mean time from onset of new lesions to initial CT was 5.8 ± 3.0 days (range: 2– 12 days).repeat CT was done and assessed for any new lesions.

Findings revealed the following key facts-

• New pulmonary lesions developed in 10 (34.5%) patients on follow-up CT.
• New lesions (mean involved lobes and segments: 2.5 ± 1.6 [range: 1– 5] and 4.5 ± 4.5 [range: 1– 13]) were mainly spherical/patchy ground-glass opacities frequently located in the left lower lobe (9, 90.0%).
• Among the 10 patients, lesions in 6 (60.0%) indicated progression after occurrence.
• When new lesions developed, 6 (60.0%) patients developed new symptoms or had aggravated symptoms and 3 (30.0%) had decreased lymphocyte count.
• Patients with worsening symptoms had higher involvement of lung segments (mean: 6.5 ± 5.0, range: 1– 13) than asymptomatic patients (mean: 1.5 ± 0.6, range: 1– 2) .

Authors wrote that even if initial chest CT findings were negative in COVID 19 patients, new pulmonary lesions may develop during treatment. In addition, changes in clinical symptoms may be related to the extent of pulmonary involvement since patients with aggravated or new symptoms typically had relatively more involved lung segments than asymptomatic cases. The newly developed lesions may be localized or extensive, and most will temporarily progress but significantly be absorbed subsequently.

They recommended repeat CT for monitoring the disease, especially when patients have worsening symptoms or laboratory indicators.

Researchers concluded that the relatively small sample size makes it necessary to assess the follow up CT findings of COVID 19 patients with similar initial radiological findings in a larger population.

For detailed reading : DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S258677