Researchers develop a new technique to detect blood clots

With this new method the doctors can find the exact location of the clot in the body. The present clinical methods can only detect blood clots at one area of the body at a given time

In what can be redeemed as a medical breakthrough in clinical technology for detecting the blood clots at the exact location in the body, a group of researchers have now discovered a new method to find the exact location of the blood clot, at one scan. This method is a marked improvement over the current clinical techniques which can only look at one part of the body at a time, slowing treatment and increasing the risk for complications.

Peter Caravan, a researcher at Massachusetts General Hospital, holds a firm opinion that this technique is very useful to treat the fears of a patient likely to suffer a stroke, if, the clot is not discovered at the right time.

As reported by PTI

The initial blood clot can break apart and cause more strokes if it is not quickly found and treated. Depending on where the blood clot is located, the treatment varies - some of them respond well to drugs, while others are better addressed with surgery.

To locate a blood clot, a physician may need to use three different methods: ultrasound to check the carotid arteries or legs, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to scan the heart and computed tomography to view the lungs.

"It's a shot in the dark. Patients could end up being scanned multiple times by multiple techniques in order to locate a clot. We sought a method that could detect blood clots anywhere in the body with a single whole-body scan," Caravan said.

In previous work, Caravan's team at the Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging at Massachusetts General Hospital identified a peptide that binds specifically to fibrin - an insoluble protein fibre found in blood clots.

In the current study, they developed a blood clot probe by attaching a radionuclide to the peptide. Radionuclides can be detected anywhere in the body by an imaging method called positron emission tomography (PET).

The researchers used different radionuclides and peptides, as well as different chemical groups for linking the radionuclide to the peptide, to identify which combination would provide the brightest PET signal in blood clots.

They ultimately constructed and tested 15 candidate blood clot probes. The researchers first analysed how well each probe bound to fibrin in a test tube, and then they studied how well the probe detected blood clots in rats.

"The probes all had a similar affinity to fibrin in vitro, but, in rats, their performances were quite different," said Caravan.

He attributed these differences to metabolism. Some probes were broken down quickly in the body and could no longer bind to blood clots, but others were resistant to metabolism.

The team is moving forward into the next phase of research with the best-performing probe called FBP8. It contained copper-64 as the radionuclide.

Caravan said that the group is hoping to start testing the probe in human patients in the fall, but it could take an additional five years of research before the probe is approved for routine use in a clinical setting.