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Visceral and Liver Fat Linked to Carotid Atherosclerosis, Suggests Research

Written By : Medha Baranwal |Medically Reviewed By : Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli Published On 2025-10-21T20:15:45+05:30  |  Updated On 21 Oct 2025 8:15 PM IST
Visceral and Liver Fat Linked to Carotid Atherosclerosis, Suggests Research
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Canada: Two cohort studies using MRI and ultrasound imaging have found that higher levels of visceral and liver fat are linked to carotid atherosclerosis, independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Researchers suggest that maintaining a healthy diet and managing abdominal fat may help lower the risk of cardiovascular disease.

The study, published in
Communications Medicine
by Russell J. de Souza and colleagues from the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, Canada, examined how visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and hepatic fat (HF) contribute to the buildup of fatty plaques in arteries, which can lead to cardiovascular events. While both types of fat have been associated with diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease, their independent impact on artery health has been less clear.
The researchers analyzed data from two large cohorts. In the Canadian Alliance of Healthy Hearts and Minds (CAHHM) study, 6,760 adults with an average age of 57.1 years underwent MRI to measure visceral fat volume, hepatic fat fraction, and carotid wall volume (CWV) as a marker of atherosclerosis. In the UK Biobank (UKB) cohort, 26,547 adults were assessed using ultrasound for carotid-intima media thickness (CIMT) alongside measurements of visceral and liver fat. Both cohorts included men and women, and analyses accounted for age, sex, and traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
Findings from the CAHHM cohort revealed that:
  • A 1-standard deviation increase in visceral fat was associated with a 6.16 mm³ increase in carotid wall volume (CWV).
  • Liver fat showed no significant association with CWV in the CAHHM cohort.
  • In the UK Biobank cohort, higher visceral and liver fat were both linked to slight increases in carotid-intima media thickness (CIMT).
  • These associations were weaker after adjusting for other cardiovascular risk factors.
  • Pooled analyses confirmed a positive association of both visceral and hepatic fat with subclinical atherosclerosis.
  • Visceral fat demonstrated a stronger link to atherosclerosis than hepatic fat.
The study highlights that visceral fat, and to a lesser extent liver fat, are important contributors to carotid artery disease. These findings suggest that interventions aimed at reducing abdominal fat may slow the progression of atherosclerosis, independent of other risk factors like high blood pressure, cholesterol, or smoking.
The authors caution that the cross-sectional design limits causal conclusions, and variations in alcohol intake, imaging methods, and measurement precision may affect results. Nonetheless, the study underscores the importance of evaluating visceral fat in cardiovascular risk management.
"Targeting visceral adiposity through diet, exercise, and lifestyle interventions may play a key role in preventing or slowing the development of atherosclerosis. While liver fat contributes to cardiovascular risk, visceral fat appears to be a stronger determinant of carotid artery health, highlighting the value of focused strategies to reduce abdominal fat for better heart and vascular outcomes," the authors concluded.
Reference:
De Souza, R. J., Pigeyre, M. E., Schulze, K. M., Lamri, A., K., B., Awadalla, P., Beyene, J., Desai, D., Despres, J., Dummer, T. J., Friedrich, M. G., Hicks, J., Ho, V., LaRose, É., Lear, S. A., Lee, D. S., Leipsic, J. A., Lettre, G., Moody, A. R., . . . Anand, S. S. (2025). Visceral adipose tissue and hepatic fat as determinants of carotid atherosclerosis. Communications Medicine, 5(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-025-01123-y


Communications MedicineVisceral adipose tissuecarotid atherosclerosishepatic fat
Source : Communications Medicine
Medha Baranwal
Medha Baranwal

    MSc. Biotechnology

    Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli
    Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli

    Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751

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