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Children with history of neonatal stunting may develop dental caries in first year of life
![Children with history of neonatal stunting may develop dental caries in first year of life Children with history of neonatal stunting may develop dental caries in first year of life](https://medicaldialogues.in/h-upload/2023/10/16/750x450_222940-dental-caries.webp)
Indonesia: Dysplastic children with a history of neonatal developmental delay experience dental caries in the first year of life, which may become more severe later in life, a local survey has revealed. The findings of which were published in the European Journal of Dentistry.
Stunting affects 155 million children worldwide, is an indicator of a child's overall well-being and can indicate social inequalities. Stunting implies a chronic limitation of a child's growth potential due to insufficient nutrient intake.
Children with neonatal growth retardation, defined as birth length <48cm, are at risk for chronic malnutrition that begins before birth and continues into infancy. A child's growth and development can be adversely affected by stunting, including oral health itself, and particularly the experience of dental caries.
Siska Yohana, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jawa Barat, Indonesia, and colleagues aimed to analyze the experience of dental caries in stunting children with a history of neonatal stunting.
For this purpose, the researchers conducted a baseline and 1-year follow-up analysis of a cohort of stunted children in a potential stunting site in Bandung City. Annual data collection included mother interviews and children's dental and anthropometric examinations. Descriptive analysis was performed in SPSS.
Data recording was done on paper forms and was entered manually into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet for later analysis using IBM SPSS. After assessment, descriptive statistics were generated before bivariate analysis. In the 1-year study, fifty-five children met the inclusion criteria and participated.
The researchers found that decay, missing, filling teeth (Dmft) was in the intermediate category (4.13) at baseline and fell into the high category (5.16) at 1-year follow-up, although the increase in caries remained in the low category.
The local survey revealed that dental caries experience begins in the first year of life and may become more severe in later life among hypoplastic children with a history of neonatal developmental delay. However, dental health behaviours, sociodemographic characteristics, and dietary habits are also effective in maintaining dental and oral health.
"Therefore, dental and oral health support measures should be linked to dental health education programs, particularly for those facing the dual burden of diet and dental and oral health," the researchers wrote. "Also, maintaining oral hygiene practices can be very important for dental health policymakers."
The limitation of the study is the lack of complementary data on risk factors for growth stunting, such as weight, height, maternal BMI, breastfeeding, frequency of infection, maternal education and other external factors.
Reference:
Yohana S, Indriyanti R, Suryanti N, Rahayuwati L, Juniarti N, Setiawan AS. Caries Experience among Children with History of Neonatal Stunting. Eur J Dent. 2023 Jul;17(3):687-692. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-1750775. Epub 2022 Sep 8. PMID: 36075267; PMCID: PMC10569887.
MSc. Biotechnology
Medha Baranwal joined Medical Dialogues as an Editor in 2018 for Speciality Medical Dialogues. She covers several medical specialties including Cardiac Sciences, Dentistry, Diabetes and Endo, Diagnostics, ENT, Gastroenterology, Neurosciences, and Radiology. She has completed her Bachelors in Biomedical Sciences from DU and then pursued Masters in Biotechnology from Amity University. She has a working experience of 5 years in the field of medical research writing, scientific writing, content writing, and content management. She can be contacted at  editorial@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751
Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: editorial@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751