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  • No significant...

No significant protective effect of Antibiotic prophylaxis on post-extraction complications: Study

Written By : Dr. Shravani Dali |Medically Reviewed By : Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli Published On 2024-10-11T21:15:31+05:30  |  Updated On 12 Oct 2024 12:09 PM IST
No significant protective effect of  Antibiotic prophylaxis on post-extraction complications: Study
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Antibiotic prophylaxis has no significant protective effect on post-extraction complications suggests a study published in the Journal of Public Health Dentistry.

The study was aimed to evaluate the association between antibiotic prophylaxis and adverse outcomes following tooth extraction within the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System. They conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing dental extractions in 2015–2019. The primary exposure was antibiotic prophylaxis.

The primary outcome was post-extraction complication within 7 days (e.g., alveolar osteitis and surgical site infection); the secondary outcome was subsequent medical care relating to a post-extraction oral complication within 7 days. Multivariable logistic regression models assessed the independent effect of antibiotic prophylaxis on each outcome. Results: Of 385,880 visits with a dental extraction, 122,810 (31.8%) received antibiotic prophylaxis. Overall, 3387 (0.9%) experienced a post-extraction complication and 350 (0.09%) received medical care relating to a post-extraction oral complication within 7 days. In multivariable regression, diabetes was a statistically significant (p = 0.01) effect modifier of the association between antibiotic prophylaxis and post-extraction complication. Among visits for patients without diabetes, antibiotic prophylaxis was significantly associated with an increased odds of post-extraction complication (odds ratio [OR] = 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13–1.38), but among visits for patients with diabetes no significant effect was observed (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.92–1.15).

Antibiotic prophylaxis was not significantly associated with post-extraction medical care (OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.83–1.30). In this large retrospective cohort, we observed no significant protective effect of antibiotic prophylaxis on post-extraction complications or subsequent medical care utilization in a setting with low complication rates. These data suggest that use of antibiotic prophylaxis in similar settings may need to be re-evaluated to minimize unnecessary antibiotic use.

Reference:

McGregor JC, Wilson GM, Gibson G, Jurasic MM, Evans CT, Suda KJ. The effect of antibiotic premedication on postoperative complications following dental extractions. J Public Health Dent. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1111/jphd.12634

Antibioticprophylaxissignificantprotectiveeffectpost-extractioncomplicationsstudy
Source : Journal of Public Health Dentistry
Dr. Shravani Dali
Dr. Shravani Dali

    Dr. Shravani Dali has completed her BDS from Pravara institute of medical sciences, loni. Following which she extensively worked in the healthcare sector for 2+ years. She has been actively involved in writing blogs in field of health and wellness. Currently she is pursuing her Masters of public health-health administration from Tata institute of social sciences. She can be contacted at editorial@medicaldialogues.in.

    Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli
    Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli

    Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751

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