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Periodontitis linked to higher risk of Peptic & Duodenal Ulcers: Study

Researchers have found in a new study that periodontitis was linked to a higher risk of peptic and duodenal ulcers, but not gastric ulcers. Therefore treatment of periodontitis may enhance the effectiveness of peptic and duodenal ulcer therapies.
Considering the importance of periodontal diseases in the occurrence of systemic diseases such as peptic ulcer diseases, the relationship between peptic ulcer diseases and periodontal diseases is important, therefore, the purpose of this meta-analysis is to investigate the relationship between peptic ulcer and periodontitis.
In this systematic review, to find the relevant articles, PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases were reviewed according to the search strategy. All studies were screened and eligible studies were selected to include in the meta-analysis.
The quality of the selected articles was evaluated by the Newcastle–Ottawa assessment scale. I-square statistic was used to investigate the heterogeneity between studies and its significance was checked with Chi-square test. In cases where there was serious heterogeneity, random-effects model was used for data synthesis, otherwise fixed-effects model was used.
Results: Five studies from different countries were included, among which there were two cross-sectional, two case–control, and one cohort study. Based on the primary studies that reported the adjusted results to control for confounders, a significant relationship between periodontitis and peptic ulcer was observed (effect size (ES) = 1.47, 95% CI 1.01–1.93, I-square = 93.1%), and similar significant results were also obtained regarding the relationship between periodontitis and duodenal ulcer (ES = 1.10, 95% CI 1.02–1.17, I-square = 33.0%), but there is no significant relationship between periodontitis and gastric ulcer (ES: 1.33, 95% CI 0.71–1.96, I-square = 74.0%).
The results of this study showed that periodontitis is associated with increased risk of peptic ulcer and duodenal ulcer, but no significant relationship was observed with gastric ulcer. Therefore, the implementation of periodontitis treatment protocol can increase the success of peptic ulcer and duodenal ulcer treatment.
Reference:
Motaghi, A., Bayani, M., Mehrafarid, H. et al. Increased risk of peptic ulcer following periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Med Res 30, 584 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-02669-2
Dr. Shravani Dali has completed her BDS from Pravara institute of medical sciences, loni. Following which she extensively worked in the healthcare sector for 2+ years. She has been actively involved in writing blogs in field of health and wellness. Currently she is pursuing her Masters of public health-health administration from Tata institute of social sciences. She can be contacted at editorial@medicaldialogues.in.
Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751