Lodoxamide

Lodoxamide belongs to the pharmacological class of Mast cell stabilizers. Lodoxamide appears to have Anti-allergic & Anti Inflammatory effects.

Lodoxamide has been approved for relieving symptoms and treating and maintaining episodes of Vernal keratoconjunctivitis, Vernal conjunctivitis, and Vernal keratitis.

The urinary excretion of radiolabeled 14C Lodoxamide tromethamine was the major route of elimination. The elimination half-life of 14C-lodoxamide was found to be 8.5 hours in urine.

The common side effects associated with Lodoxamide are Headache, dizziness, feeling as if something is in the eye,eye itching, drowsiness ,blurred vision,watery eyes and dry eyes.

Lodoxamide is found to be available in the form of Ophthalmic solutions. Lodoxamide is available in the U.S., Canada,E.U. , India, Australia, Japan.

Lodoxamide belongs to the pharmacological class of Mast cell stabilizers. Lodoxamide appears to have anti-allergy and anti-asthmatic properties.

Lodoxamide tromethamine is said to be a mast cell stabilizer that inhibits the in vivo Type I immediate hypersensitivity reactiom which inturn inhibits the increases in cutaneous vascular permeability associated with IgE and antigen-mediated reactions

Lodoxamide had been approved for relieving symptoms as well as for the treatment and maintenance of episodes of Vernal keratoconjunctivitis,Vernal conjunctivitis and Vernal keratitis.

Lodoxamide is available in ophthalmic solutions.

Lodoxamide can be used in the treatment of the following conditions:

• Vernal keratoconjunctivitis
• Vernal conjunctivitis
• Vernal keratitis

Lodoxamide can help to relieve symptoms and also for the treatment and maintenance of Vernal keratoconjunctivitis, Vernal conjunctivitis, and Vernal keratitis.

Lodoxamide is approved for use in the following clinical indications/conditions:

• Vernal keratoconjunctivitis
• Vernal conjunctivitis
• Vernal keratitis

Ophthalmic drops

1 or 2 drops to be installed in the eye 4 times a day.

Ophthalmic

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis, Vernal conjunctivitis, and Vernal keratitis.

0.1 % Lodoxamide ophthalmic drops.

Ophthalmic solution

Smoking cessation and maintaining health is a must.

Caffeine should be avoided or limited .

Alcohol intake should be avoided in the patients, especially with an underlying liver disorder or liver dysfunction.

As food will not interfere with the efficacy of ophthalmic solution therefore no specific dietary restriction is indicated.

Although, the dietary restrictions should be individualized as per the patient's requirements.

Lodoxamide may be contraindicated under the following conditions:

• Hypersensitivity to the ingredients of the medication.

Lodoxamide Inhalation should not be used for asthma conditions as it might elevate the symptoms.

Avoid alcohol usage while on Lodoxamide medication as alcohol can worsen the effects of any underlying disease condition, including conditions such as dizziness, blurred vision etc.

It is not known whether the drug lodoxamide tromethamine is excreted in the human milk. As many drugs are found to be excreted in the human milk, therefore caution should be exercised when lodoxamide tromethamine Ophthalmic Solution 0.1% is administered to the nursing women.

Pregnancy: Pregnancy Category B

The reproduction studies with lodoxamide tromethamine when administered orally to rats as well as rabbits in doses of 100 mg/kg/day i.e.more than five thousand times the proposed human clinical dose, which produced no evidence of the developmental toxicity. There are, however, found to be no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. As the animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, therefore lodoxamide tromethamine ophthalmic solution 0.1% should be used during pregnancy only if needed.

No sufficient scientific evidence traceable regarding the use and safety of Lodoxamide in concurrent use with any particular food.

The adverse reactions related to Lodoxamide can be categorized as:

The common side effects of Lodoxamide include the following:

Pregnancy

Pregnancy: Pregnancy Category B.

The reproduction studies with lodoxamide tromethamine when administered orally to rats as well as rabbits in doses of 100 mg/kg/day i.e.more than five thousand times the proposed human clinical dose, which produced no evidence of the developmental toxicity. There are, however, found to be no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. As the animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, therefore lodoxamide tromethamine ophthalmic solution 0.1% should be used during pregnancy only if needed.

Nursing Mothers

It is not known whether the drug lodoxamide tromethamine is excreted in the human milk. As many drugs are excreted in human milk, therefore caution should be exercised when lodoxamide tromethamine Ophthalmic Solution 0.1% is administered to the nursing women.

Pediatric Use

Safety and efficacy in the children below the age of 2 years of age has not been established.

Geriatric Use

There is no overall difference in the efficacy and safety that has been observed between the older and the younger patients.

Physicians should be knowledgeable and vigilant about the treatment pertaining to the identification and treatment of overdosage of Prednisone.

There have found to be no reports of Lodoxamide tromethamine ophthalmic solution i.e. 0.1% overdose followed by the topical ocular application. Accidental overdose of an oral preparation of about 120 to 180 mg of lodoxamide had resulted in a temporary sensation of warmth, light-headedness, profuse sweating, diarrhea, and a feeling of stomach distension but no permanent adverse effects were observed. The side effects reported following systemic oral administration of 0.1 mg to 10.0 mg lodoxamide including a feeling of warmth or fatigue, sweating, nausea, flushing, headache, dizziness, loose stools, and urinary frequency/urgency. The physician might consider emesis in the event.

Pharmacodynamics

Lodoxamide tromethamine is said to be a mast cell stabilizer that are found to inhibit the in vivo Type I immediate hypersensitivity reaction. Lodoxamide therapy is found to inhibit the increases in cutaneous vascular permeability which are associated with reagin or IgE and antigen-mediated reactions.

Pharmacokinetics

A radiolabelled 14C-lodoxamide had been studied in 6 healthy adult volunteers receiving a three mg (50 µCi) oral dose of lodoxamide. Urinary excretion was found to be the major route of elimination. The elimination half-life of 14C-lodoxamide was found to be 8.5 hours in urine. In a study conducted in 12 healthy adult volunteers, the topical administration of lodoxamide ophthalmic solution 0.1%, 1 drop in each eye 4 times per day for 10 days, hadn't resulted in any measurable lodoxamide plasma levels at a detection limit of around 2.5 ng/mL.

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