Meticillin

Meticillin belongs to the pharmacological class of Beta-Lactam Antibiotics.

Meticillin has been approved to relieve symptoms and also for the treatment and maintenance of susceptible infections, respiratory tract infections, abdominal infections, skin, and soft tissue infections, pelvic infections, bacterial endocarditis, peritonitis, septicemia, biliary tract infections, prophylaxis of infection during surgery, uncomplicated gonorrhea, uncomplicated urinary tract infections.

Meticillin undergoes hepatic metabolism by 20-40%

The common side effects involving the use of Meticillin are fever, chills, sweating, tachycardia, hyperventilation, flushing, and myalgia.

Meticillin is available in the form of Intramuscular and Intravenous solutions.

Meticillin is available in the U.S., Italy, Germany, Austria, France, Israel, and Brazil.

Meticillin belongs to the pharmacological class of Beta-Lactam Antibiotics.

Meticillin binds to and inhibits penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). Meticillin binds to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), which are located inside the bacterial cell wall. Meticillin is said to inhibit the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Hence, the Cell lysis is then mediated by the bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins.

Meticillin has been approved to relieve symptoms and also for the treatment and maintenance of infections caused by the susceptible Gram-positive bacteria, which particularly include beta-lactamase-producing organisms such as Staphylococcus aureus that would otherwise be resistant to most penicillins.

Meticillin is available in the form of Intramuscular and Intravenous.

Meticillin can be used in the following treatment:

• Infections are caused by susceptible Gram-positive bacteria, which particularly include beta-lactamase-producing organisms such as Staphylococcus aureus that is otherwise be resistant to most penicillins.

Meticillin can help to relieve symptoms and also for the treatment and maintenance of infections caused by susceptible Gram-positive bacteria, which particularly include beta-lactamase-producing organisms such as Staphylococcus aureus that is otherwise be resistant to most penicillins.

Meticillin is approved for use in the following clinical indications:

• Infections are caused by susceptible Gram-positive bacteria, which particularly include beta-lactamase-producing organisms such as Staphylococcus aureus that is otherwise be resistant to most penicillins.

Intramuscular or Intravenous: To be administered by the registered medical practitioner.

Susceptible infections, Respiratory tract infections, Abdominal infections, skin, and soft tissue infections, Pelvic infections, Bacterial endocarditis, Peritonitis, Septicaemia, Biliary tract infections

Serious infections: 200-300 mg/kg/day in divided doses. Life-threatening infections: Up to 350 mg/kg/day. Max: 24 g/day.

Prophylaxis of infection during surgery

Adult: 4 g preoperatively, followed by two further doses every 6 hr.

Uncomplicated gonorrhea

Adult: 1-2 g Intramuscular or Intravenous as a single dose. Probenecid 1 g may be given orally at the same time or up to 30 min before the injection.

Uncomplicated urinary tract infections

Adult: 1.5-2 g Intramuscular or Intravenous every 6 hr.

Intramuscular and Intravenous.

• Dosage Adjustments in Kidney Patients:

Mild renal failure: GFR > 50 mL/min: normal dose every 4 to 6 hours

Moderate renal failure: GFR 10 to 50 mL/min: normal dose every 6 to 8 hours

Severe renal failure: GFR < 10 mL/min: normal dose every 8 to 12 hours.

• Dosage Adjustments in Hepatic Impairment Patients:

No dosage adjustments are needed for hepatic Impairment.

• Dosage Adjustments in Pediatric Patients:

Neonates less than seven days of age, 50-75 mg/kg/day Intramuscular / Intravenous divided every 8-12 hr

Neonates 7 days of age and older, 75-100 mg/kg/day Intramuscular / Intravenous. divided every 6-8 hr

Infants and children, 100-200 mg/kg/day IV/IM divided every 6 hr; maximum 12 g/day.

Avoid high-acid foods like citrus fruits and juices like orange and grapefruit, soda, and chocolates.

Alcohol intake might lead to nausea, vomiting, and headache

Mult Intravenous vitamins and antacids contain minerals, primarily magnesium, calcium, aluminum, iron, or zinc, which bind to the antibiotic and refrain it from working. Spacing them at least for 2 hours after Meticillin administration is recommended.

Meticillin may is contraindicated under the following conditions:

• Patients with known hypersensitivity to penicillins.

The adverse reactions related to Meticillin can be categorized as follows:

• Thrombocytopenia
• Seizures
• Interstitial nephritis
• Nephrotoxicity
• Neutropenia
• Inhibition of platelet aggregation
• Transient increases in transaminases
• Thrombophlebitis
• Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction (fever, chills, sweating, tachycardia, hyperventilation, flushing, and myalgia).

The clinically relevant drug interactions of Meticillin are briefly summarized here:

• Probenecid may inhibit renal excretion of Meticillin. Monitor blood coagulation parameters when used with high-dose heparin and other anticoagulants.

The following are the side effects involving Meticillin:

• Thrombocytopenia
• Seizures
• Interstitial nephritis
• Nephrotoxicity
• neutropenia
• Inhibition of platelet aggregation
• Transient increases in transaminases
• Thrombophlebitis
• Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction (fever, chills, sweating, tachycardia, hyperventilation, flushing, and myalgia).

Pregnancy

Category B: No evidence of risk in humans but studies inadequate.

Pharmacodynamics

Meticillin (INN, BAN) or methicillin (USAN) is a narrow-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic of the penicillin class. It is no longer clinically used. Its role in therapy has been largely replaced by flucloxacillin and dicloxacillin, however, the term methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) continues to be used to describe Staphylococcus aureus strains resistant to all penicillins.

Pharmacokinetics

• Absorption:

N.A.

• Distribution:

N.A.

• Metabolism:

Meticillin undergoes hepatic metabolism of about 20-40%

• Excretion:

N.A.

• https://wikem.org/wiki/Methicillin
• https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/methicillin.html
• https://www.britannica.com/science/methicillin
• http://antimicrobe.org/drugpopup/methicillin.htm
• https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Methicillin-sodium
• https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB01603