Phenprocoumon

Phenprocoumon is an Anticoagulant drug.

Phenprocoumon is used for the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disease, including venous thrombosis, thromboembolism, and pulmonary embolism, as well as for the prevention of ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (A.F.).

The bioavailability is close to 100%.Phenprocoumon is stereoselectively metabolized by hepatic microsomal enzymes (cytochrome P-450) to inactive hydroxylated metabolites (predominant route) and by reductases to reduced metabolites. Cytochrome P450 2C9 is the principal form of human liver P-450 responsible for metabolism.

The Tmax of Phenprocoumon was about 0.5 to 2 hours.

The common side effects are dizziness, drowsiness, headache, weakness, Nausea, strong irregular heartbeat, swelling, and dizziness upon standing.

Phenprocoumon is available in dosage forms, such as tablets.

Phenprocoumon is available in Europe, Japan, China, and India.

Phenprocoumon inhibits vitamin K reductase, resulting in the depletion of the reduced form of vitamin K (vitamin KH2). As vitamin K is a cofactor for the carboxylation of glutamate residues on the N-terminal regions of vitamin K-dependent proteins, this limits the gamma-carboxylation and subsequent activation of the vitamin K-dependent coagulant proteins. The synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X, and anticoagulant proteins C and S is inhibited. Depression of three of the four vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors (factors II, VII, and X) results in decreased prothrombin levels and a decrease in the amount of thrombin generated and bound to fibrin. This reduces the thrombogenicity of clots.

Phenprocoumon is available in the form of dosage forms, such as tablets.

Phenprocoumon tablets were taken orally with or without food.

Phenprocoumon is used for the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disease including venous thrombosis, thromboembolism, and pulmonary embolism as well as for the prevention of ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (A.F.).

To lower the risk of DVT, steer clear of these foods: Refined, processed foods like white bread, white rice, crackers, french fries, sugary cereals, pastries, pre-packaged food, and fast food.

Phenprocoumon is available in various dosage strengths: 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg, 300 mg, 400 mg.

Phenprocoumon is available in the form of dosage forms, such as tablets.

Phenprocoumon is approved for the treatment of Thromboembolic disease.

People at risk for a Thromoembolic disease should increase their consumption of fish and poultry while decreasing their intake of fattier meats like beef and pork. Eating fattier meats can cause high cholesterol, which increases the risk of thromboemboleic disease.

Diets high in processed foods, such as fast food, and items high in added sugar, like soda and sugary baked goods, have been linked to increased heart disease risk

Phenprocoumon may be contraindicated in the following.

Hypersensitivity, Severe hypotension, Cardiogenic shock, Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, Heart failure after acute myocardial infarction.

Symptoms of overdose include suspected or overt abnormal bleeding (e.g., appearance of blood in stools or urine, hematuria, excessive menstrual bleeding, melena, petechiae, excessive bruising or persistent oozing from superficial injuries).

Pharmacodynamics:

Phenprocoumon, a coumarin anticoagulant, thins the blood by antagonizing vitamin K which is required for the production of clotting factors in the liver. Anticoagulants such as phenprocoumon have no direct effect on an established thrombus, nor do they reverse ischemic tissue damage (damage caused by an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body). However, once a thrombus has occurred, the goal of anticoagulant treatment is to prevent further extension of the formed clot and prevent secondary thromboembolic complications which may result in serious and possibly fatal sequelae.

Pharmacokinetics:

• Absorption

Bioavailability is close to 100%

• Distribution: N.A.
• Metabolism: Phenprocoumon is stereoselectively metabolized by hepatic microsomal enzymes (cytochrome P-450) to inactive hydroxylated metabolites (predominant route) and by reductases to reduced metabolites. Cytochrome P450 2C9 is the principal form of human liver P-450 responsible for metabolism.
• Excretion: N.A.

1. https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB09235
2. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Phenprocoumon #section=MeSH-Pharmacological-Classification
3. https://www.medplusmart.com/product/efnocar-40mg-tab_efno0001