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Cardiovascular risk factors, low physical fitness tied to social cognitive functions?

Published On 2022-07-02T09:00:55+05:30  |  Updated On 2022-07-02T15:36:52+05:30
Cardiovascular risk factors, low physical fitness tied to social cognitive functions?

Overview

In the current circumstances, where the number of people at risk of cardiovascular disease and those with low fitness levels are increasing, finding out whether or not these people are also at risk of decreased social cognition is a pressing issue. With this in mind, the research team led by Toru Ishihara et. al used functional magnetic resonance imaging data to investigate the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors, fitness and social cognition. 

In the study the team analyzed the data of 1027 people registered in the Human Connectome Project's database (USA). For the cardiovascular risk factors, the researchers used Body Mass Index (BMI), which is calculated from each person's height and weight, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure data. As for indicators of fitness, the researchers used respiratory endurance, gait speed, hand dexterity, and grip strength. To assess social cognitive function, they used animacy perception accuracy, and the reaction times and percentage of correct answers for the emotion recognition task.

Brain activity during social cognition (i.e. during animacy perception) was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging. The research group then used the collected data to investigate the relationship between brain activity during social cognition and cardiovascular risk factors/physical fitness. Afterward, they investigated how brain activity during social cognition mediates the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors/fitness and social cognitive functions.

It was revealed that cardiovascular risk factors (obesity and high blood pressure) and low physical fitness are associated with decreased social brain network-related neural activity, which causes social cognitive functions to decline.

This suggests that having a healthy lifestyle is not only beneficial for disease prevention but also for maintaining and improving sociability. It is hoped that future research will lead to the development of proposals for efficient intervention methods through investigations into the effectiveness of interventions that target cardiovascular risk factors and fitness (eg. exercise/balanced diet programs) on social cognition.

Reference: Toru Ishihara, Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University. Assistant Professor Atsushi Miyazaki, Global Education Center, Waseda University. Specially Appointed Assistant Professor Hiroki Tanaka, Brain Science Institute, Tamagawa University Professor Tetsuya Matsuda, Brain Science Institute, Tamagawa University. Journal: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002963

Speakers

Dr. Nandita Mohan

BDS, MDS( Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry)

Dr. Nandita Mohan is a practicing pediatric dentist with more than 5 years of clinical work experience. Along with this, she is equally interested in keeping herself up to date about the latest developments in the field of medicine and dentistry which is the driving force for her to be in association with Medical Dialogues. She also has her name attached with many publications; both national and international. She has pursued her BDS from Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore and later went to enter her dream specialty (MDS) in the Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry from Pt. B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences. Through all the years of experience, her core interest in learning something new has never stopped. She can be contacted at editorial@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751
cardiovascular disease CVD cognitive function Body Mass Index BMI physical fitness brain activity 
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