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Rheumatoid arthritis drugs also reduce heart disease risk, finds study - Video

Published On 2022-12-10T09:30:45+05:30  |  Updated On 10 Dec 2022 9:30 AM IST
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Overview

More than 1.3 million adults in the United States have rheumatoid arthritis, a chronic autoimmune and inflammatory disease that causes painful joint swelling. It's known that inflammation leads to atherosclerosis and contributes to heart disease, which may explain the elevated rates of heart disease in people with rheumatoid arthritis.

People with rheumatoid arthritis have a greater than average risk of cardiovascular disease, but a new study suggests that drugs commonly used to reduce joint inflammation in patients also reduce that risk.

"The reassuring message is that as your joints are improving with RA treatments, so too is your risk for cardiovascular disease," says Joan Bathon, MD, a co-leader of the study and professor of medicine and director of the division of rheumatology at Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons.

Recent clinical trials have shown that immunomodulators-drugs that decrease inflammation-significantly reduce heart attacks, strokes, and other cardiovascular events in people with cardiovascular disease. But it was not clear if these drugs have a similar effect on people with rheumatoid arthritis, who have a 50% higher risk of heart disease than the average person.

Methotrexate is the first treatment choice for patients with moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis, but most RA patients will go on a tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) or triple therapy (methotrexate plus sulfasalazine and hydroxychloroquine) at some point.

In the new study, led by researchers at Columbia University and Brigham and Women's Hospital, 115 adults with moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis despite treatment with methotrexate were randomized to add a TNFi-either adalimumab (Humira) or etanercept (Enbrel)-or to go on triple therapy. After six months, both groups had similar reductions in arterial inflammation, a proxy for heart disease risk, and RA disease activity.

"We were surprised to see that both of these powerful anti-inflammatory treatment strategies reduced heart disease risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis," Bathon says. "Doctors still need to pay attention to the usual heart disease risk factors, such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and obesity. But since inflammation-a key feature of RA-elevates cardiovascular risk even further, reducing inflammation by treating the arthritis is a novel mechanism to reduce heart disease risk in these patients."

Reference:

Joan Bathon et al, Reducing cardiovascular risk with immunomodulators: a randomized active comparator trial among patients with rheumatoid arthritis, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, DOI 10.1136/ard-2022-223302

Speakers

Isra Zaman

B.Sc Life Sciences, M.Sc Biotechnology, B.Ed

Isra Zaman is a Life Science graduate from Daulat Ram College, Delhi University, and a postgraduate in Biotechnology from Amity University. She has a flair for writing, and her roles at Medicaldialogues include that of a Sr. content writer and a medical correspondent. Her news pieces cover recent discoveries and updates from the health and medicine sector. She can be reached at editorial@medicaldialogues.in.

Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli

Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751
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