Medical Bulletin 8/September/2022 - Video

Published On 2022-09-08T15:27:11+05:30 | Updated On 8 Sept 2022 3:27 PM IST

Overview

Here are the top medical news for the day:

Lung cancer screening affects detection of Stage I and Stage IV cases

Implementing lung cancer screening at four diverse healthcare systems resulted in an 8.4 percent increase in the number of Stage I lung cancers detected and a 6.6 percent decrease in Stage IV disease, according to research published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology, the official journal of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer.

Of the 3,678 individuals who were diagnosed with an incident lung cancer during the study period; 11% of these were diagnosed after initiation of lung cancer screening. As screening volume increased, the proportion of patients diagnosed with lung cancer after screening initiation also rose from 0% in Q1 of 2014 to 20% in Q3 of 2019. Lung cancer screening did not result in a significant change in the overall incidence of lung cancer between 2014 and 2018.

Ref: Anil Vachani et al, Journal of Thoracic Oncology,https://www.jto.org/article/S1556- 0864(22)01553-2/fulltext.

Hypertension may accelerate bone aging

When high blood pressure was induced in young mice, they had bone loss and osteoporosis-related bone damage comparable to older mice, according to new research presented at the American Heart Association's Hypertension Scientific Sessions 2022 conference.

High blood pressure and osteoporosis are prevalent diseases, and people may have both at the same time. In this study, researchers examined inflammation associated with high blood pressure in mice and found it may be connected to osteoporosis.

Ref: Elizabeth Maria Hennen et al,MEETING, American Heart Association's Hypertension Scientific Sessions 2022

A change in diet may have huge impact on reducing heart risk in hypertensive people

Among several lifestyle changes that may reduce cardiovascular disease, adopting the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet may have the greatest impact for young and middle-aged adults with stage 1 hypertension, according to new research presented at the American Heart Association's Hypertension Scientific Sessions 2022.

The DASH eating plan is specifically designed to help manage blood pressure. The diet emphasizes foods including fruits, vegetables, lean meat sources, nut, seeds and grains and limiting consumption of red meat, sodium, sugars and sugar-sweetened beverages.

Ref: Kendra D. Sims, et al,MEETING:American Heart Association's Hypertension Scientific Sessions 2022

Fatty foods craving linked to gut-brain connection

At Columbia's Zuckerman Institute, scientists studying mice found that fat entering the intestines triggers a signal. Conducted along nerves to the brain, this signal drives a desire for fatty foods.

Published in Nature, the new study raises the possibility of interfering with this gut-brain connection to help prevent unhealthy choices and address the growing global health crisis caused by overeating.

Ref: Mengtong Li et al, Gut-brain circuits for fat preference,Nature, DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05266-z

Speakers

Isra Zaman

B.Sc Life Sciences, M.Sc Biotechnology, B.Ed

Isra Zaman is a Life Science graduate from Daulat Ram College, Delhi University, and a postgraduate in Biotechnology from Amity University. She has a flair for writing, and her roles at Medicaldialogues include that of a Sr. content writer and a medical correspondent. Her news pieces cover recent discoveries and updates from the health and medicine sector. She can be reached at editorial@medicaldialogues.in.