Parkinson's disease modeling by Aged neurons from skin - Video
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Overview
According to a recent report from Janelle Drouin-Ouellet, Malin Parmar and colleagues in the one way of preserving the aged characteristics of neurons is to make them directly from the patient's skin, without an iPSC intermediate. The researchers succeeded in turning skin cells from Parkinson's disease (PD) patients into so-called dopaminergic (DA) neurons, which are the type of neurons progressively lost in PD, by introducing a specific combination of neural- inducing genes into the skin cells.
In contrast to the PD cells generated from iPS cells, this process of generating DA neurons directly from the skin cells preserved the aged genetic, epigenetic, and metabolic characteristics of the donor age. When compared to aged DA neurons from healthy skin donors, neurons from PD patients featured PD-specific cellular defects, which now could be modelled for the first time from sporadic PD patients which lack a known genetic mutation.
With this new tool, the researchers hope to model PD-related neuronal defects from a much larger cohort of PD patients with the aim to identify identity causes of the disease as well as potential future therapies.
The possibility to make virtually all cell types of the human body from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which are embryonic-like cells generated from a patient's skin in a process called reprogramming, has opened new avenues for disease modelling in the lab. However, one shortcoming of this technique is that the donor age-specific cellular features are erased during reprogramming, so that cells made from iPSCs typically resemble cells in the human embryo or fetus rather than cells in the adult or aged human individual. However, neurodegenerative diseases like PD mainly affect older individuals and are therefore difficult to model with PSCs-derived neurons, which lack many defining features of aged neurons.
Reference:
Janelle Drouin-Ouellet et al,Age-related pathological impairments in directly reprogrammed dopaminergic neurons derived from patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease,Stem Cell Reports, DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.08.010
Speakers
Isra Zaman
B.Sc Life Sciences, M.Sc Biotechnology, B.Ed
Isra Zaman is a Life Science graduate from Daulat Ram College, Delhi University, and a postgraduate in Biotechnology from Amity University. She has a flair for writing, and her roles at Medicaldialogues include that of a Sr. content writer and a medical correspondent. Her news pieces cover recent discoveries and updates from the health and medicine sector. She can be reached at editorial@medicaldialogues.in.
Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Email: drkohli@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751
